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kari74 [83]
3 years ago
8

Un gas está confinado por un pistón en un cilindro con un diámetro de 0.57 m; sobre el pistón se pone un peso. La masa del pistó

n y el peso es de 160 kg. La gravedad es de 9.817 m/s2 y la presión atmosférica es de 101.79 kPa. a) ¿cuál es la fuerza en newtons ejercida sobre el gas por la atmosfera, el pistón y el peso, suponiendo que no hay fricción entre el cilindro y el pistón? b) ¿Cuál es la presión del gas en kPa?
Engineering
1 answer:
saw5 [17]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a) La fuerza ejercida sobre el gas por la atmósfera, el pistón y el peso es 27543.428 newtons.

b) La presión del gas es 107.939 kilopascales.

Explanation:

b) Después de leer el enunciado, comprendemos que la presión total (p_{T}), medido en kilopascales, sobre el gas confinado es la suma de las presiones ejercidas por la atmósfera (p_{atm}), el pistón (p_{P}) y el peso (p_{W}), medidos en kilopascales. Es decir:

p_{T} = p_{atm}+p_{P}+p_{W} (1)

Por la definición de presión, ampliamos la ecuación como sigue:

p_{T} =p_{atm} + \frac{4\cdot (m_{P}+m_{W})\cdot g}{1000\cdot \pi\cdot D^{2}} (2)

Donde:

m_{P} - Masa del pistón, medido en kilogramos.

m_{W} - Masa del peso, medido en kilogramos.

g - Aceleración gravitacional, medida en metros por segundo al cuadrado.

D - Diámetro del pistón, medido en metros.

Si sabemos que m_{P}+m_{W} = 160\,kg, g = 9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}, D = 0.57\,m y p_{atm} = 101.79\,kPa, entonces la presión del gas es:

p_{T} = 101.79\,kPa+\frac{4\cdot (160\,kg)\cdot \left(9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right)}{1000\cdot \pi \cdot (0.57\,m)^{2}}

p_{T} \approx 107.939\,kPa

La presión del gas es 107.939 kilopascales.

a) La fuerza en newtons ejercida sobre el gas se obtiene al multiplicar el resultado anterior por el área del cilindro:

F = 1000\cdot p_{T}\cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{4}\cdot D^{2} \right) (2)

Donde F es la fuerza, medida en newtons.

Si sabemos que p_{T} \approx 107.939\,kPa y D = 0.57\,m, entonces la fuerza es:

F = 1000\cdot (107.939\,kPa)\cdot \left(\frac{\pi}{4} \right)\cdot (0.57\,m)^{2}

F = 27543.428\,N

La fuerza ejercida sobre el gas por la atmósfera, el pistón y el peso es 27543.428 newtons.

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