There are usually 3 topics used to compare types of radiation:
Ionising ability
Penetrative power
Range in air
Ionising ability
Alpha radiation has strong ionising ability, while beta only has moderate ionisation and gamma is very weakly ionising.
Penetrative power
Alpha particles are weakly penetrating, stopped by paper, while beta particles have stronger penetrating ability, stopped by skin and gamma radiation is very strongly penetrating, stopped only by thick layers of lead.
Range in air
Alpha particles- range of only a few centimetres
Beta - range of up to one meter
Gamma- infinite range in air.
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The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse gases include water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and some artificial chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
The absorbed energy warms the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth. This process maintains the Earth’s temperature at around 33 degrees Celsius warmer than it would otherwise be, allowing life on Earth to exist.
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Answer:
K = Ka/Kb
Explanation:
P(s) + (3/2) Cl₂(g) <-------> PCl₃(g) K = ?
P(s) + (5/2) Cl₂(g) <--------> PCl₅(g) Ka
PCl₃(g) + Cl₂(g) <---------> PCl₅(g) Kb
K = [PCl₃]/ ([P] [Cl₂]⁽³'²⁾)
Ka = [PCl₅]/ ([P] [Cl₂]⁽⁵'²⁾)
Kb = [PCl₅]/ ([PCl₃] [Cl₂])
Since [PCl₅] = [PCl₅]
From the Ka equation,
[PCl₅] = Ka ([P] [Cl₂]⁽⁵'²⁾)
From the Kb equation
[PCl₅] = Kb ([PCl₃] [Cl₂])
Equating them
Ka ([P] [Cl₂]⁽⁵'²⁾) = Kb ([PCl₃] [Cl₂])
(Ka/Kb) = ([PCl₃] [Cl₂]) / ([P] [Cl₂]⁽⁵'²⁾)
(Ka/Kb) = [PCl₃] / ([P] [Cl₂]⁽³'²⁾)
Comparing this with the equation for the overall equilibrium constant
K = Ka/Kb
Answer:
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, we can consider the following chemical reaction for the oxidation of copper which only occurs at high temperatures:
In such a way, for 0.032 grams of copper, the following grams of copper (II) oxide (black product) are yielded:
Therefore, the percent yield is:
Best regards.
Answer:
moon
Explanation:
the moon's gravitational pull generates tidal force which affects earth's tides
