Answer:
Circular tube
Explanation:
Now for better understanding lets take an example
Lets take
Diameter of solid bar=
cm
Outer diameter of tube =6 cm
Inner diameter of tube=2 cm
So from we can say that both tubes have equal cross sectional area.
We know that buckling load is given as
If area moment of inertia(I) is high then buckling load will be high.
We know that area moment of inertia(I)
For circular tube 
For circular bar
Now by putting the values
For circular tube 
For circular bar 
So we can say that for same cross sectional area the area moment of inertia(I) is high for tube as compare to bar.So buckling load will be higher in tube as compare to bar.
Answer:
minimum length of a surface crack is 15.043 mm
Explanation:
given data
strain fracture toughness K = 78 MPa
tensile stress = 345 MPa
Y = 1.04
to find out
minimum length of a surface crack
solution
we find here length of critical interior flaw from formula that is
α =
....................1
put here value we get
α = 
α = 15.043 mm
so minimum length of a surface crack is 15.043 mm
Answer:
engine B is more efficient.
Explanation:
We know that Carnot cycle is an ideal cycle for all working heat engine.In Carnot cycle there are four processes in which two are constant temperature processes and others two are isentropic process.
We also kn ow that the efficiency of Carnot cycle given as follows

Here temperature should be in Kelvin.
For engine A



For engine B



So from above we can say that engine B is more efficient.
Answer:
Only Technician B is right.
Explanation:
The cylindrical braking system for a car works through the mode of pressure transmission, that is, the pressure applied to the brake pedals, is transmitted to the brake pad through the cylindrical piston.
Pressure applied on the pedal, P(pedal) = P(pad)
And the Pressure is the applied force/area for either pad or pedal. That is, P(pad) = Force(pad)/A(pad) & P(pedal) = F(pedal)/A(pedal)
If the area of piston increases, A(pad) increases and the P(pad) drops, Meaning, the pressure transmitted to the pad reduces. And for most cars, there's a pressure limit for the braking system to work.
If the A(pad) increases, P(pad) decreases and the braking force applied has to increase, to counter balance the dropping pressure and raise it.
This whole setup does not depend on the length of the braking lines; it only depends on the applied force and cross sectional Area (size) of the piston.
Answer:
14.36((14MPa) approximately
Explanation:
In this question, we are asked to calculate the stress tightened in a bolt to a stress of 69MPa.
Please check attachment for complete solution and step by step explanation