Answer:
The idle speed of a running compression should be between 50-75 PSI and that is about half of the static compression.
Explanation:
The Running or Dynamic compression is used to determine how well the cylinder in an engine is absorbing air, reserving it for the proper length of time, and releasing it to the exhaust. The static or cranking compression test is used to check the sealing of the cylinder. Before performing the running compression test, the static compression test is first performed to rule out other issues like bent valves.
The standard value for the static compression is given by;
Compression ratio * 14.7 = Manufacturers Specification
The running compression should always be half of the static compression.
Answer:
LAOD = 6669.86 N
Explanation:
Given data:
width![= 25 mm = 25\times 10^{-3} m](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%3D%2025%20mm%20%3D%2025%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20m)
thickness ![= 6.5 mm = 6.5\times 10^{-3} m](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%3D%206.5%20mm%20%3D%206.5%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20m)
crack length 2c = 0.5 mm at centre of specimen
![\sigma _{applied} = 1000 N/cross sectional area](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csigma%20_%7Bapplied%7D%20%3D%20%201000%20N%2Fcross%20sectional%20area)
stress intensity factor = k will be
![\sigma_{applied} = \frac{1000}{25\times 10^{-3}\times 6.5\times 10^{-3}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csigma_%7Bapplied%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1000%7D%7B25%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%5Ctimes%206.5%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%7D)
![= 6.154\times 10^{6} Pa](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%3D%206.154%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B6%7D%20Pa%20)
we know that
![k =\sigma_{applied} (\sqrt{\pi C})](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=k%20%3D%5Csigma_%7Bapplied%7D%20%28%5Csqrt%7B%5Cpi%20C%7D%29)
[c =0.5/2 = 2.5*10^{-4}]
K = 0.1724 Mpa m^{1/2} for 1000 load
if
then load will be
![Kc = \sigma _{frac}(\sqrt{\pi C})](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Kc%20%3D%20%5Csigma%20_%7Bfrac%7D%28%5Csqrt%7B%5Cpi%20C%7D%29)
![\sigma _{frac} = 41.04 MPa](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Csigma%20_%7Bfrac%7D%20%3D%2041.04%20MPa)
![load = \sigma _{frac}\times Area](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=load%20%3D%20%5Csigma%20_%7Bfrac%7D%5Ctimes%20Area)
![load = 41.04 \times 10^6 \times 25\times 10^{-3}\times 6.5\times 10^{-3} N](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=load%20%3D%2041.04%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E6%20%5Ctimes%2025%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%5Ctimes%206.5%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%20N)
LAOD = 6669.86 N
Assumptions:
- Steady state.
- Air as working fluid.
- Ideal gas.
- Reversible process.
- Ideal Otto Cycle.
Explanation:
Otto cycle is a thermodynamic cycle widely used in automobile engines, in which an amount of gas (air) experiences changes of pressure, temperature, volume, addition of heat, and removal of heat. The cycle is composed by (following the P-V diagram):
- Intake <em>0-1</em>: the mass of working fluid is drawn into the piston at a constant pressure.
- Adiabatic compression <em>1-2</em>: the mass of working fluid is compressed isentropically from State 1 to State 2 through compression ratio (r).
![r =\frac{V_1}{V_2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=r%20%3D%5Cfrac%7BV_1%7D%7BV_2%7D)
- Ignition 2-3: the volume remains constant while heat is added to the mass of gas.
- Expansion 3-4: the working fluid does work on the piston due to the high pressure within it, thus the working fluid reaches the maximum volume through the compression ratio.
![r = \frac{V_4}{V_3} = \frac{V_1}{V_2}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=r%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BV_4%7D%7BV_3%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BV_1%7D%7BV_2%7D)
- Heat Rejection 4-1: heat is removed from the working fluid as the pressure drops instantaneously.
- Exhaust 1-0: the working fluid is vented to the atmosphere.
If the system produces enough work, the automobile and its occupants will propel. On the other hand, the efficiency of the Otto Cycle is defined as follows:
![\eta = 1-(\frac{1}{r^{\gamma - 1} } )](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ceta%20%3D%201-%28%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Br%5E%7B%5Cgamma%20-%201%7D%20%7D%20%29)
where:
![\gamma = \frac{C_{p} }{C_{v}} : specific heat ratio](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cgamma%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BC_%7Bp%7D%20%7D%7BC_%7Bv%7D%7D%20%3A%20specific%20heat%20ratio)
Ideal air is the working fluid, as stated before, for which its specific heat ratio can be considered constant.
![\gamma = 1.4](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cgamma%20%3D%201.4)
Answer:
See image attached.
The right components for gsm architecture that consists of the hardware or physical equipment such as digital signal processors, radio transceiver, display, battery, case and sim card is the Mobile station.
<h3>What are the 4 main components?</h3>
In GSM, a cell station includes 4 fundamental additives: Mobile termination (MT) - gives not unusualplace features consisting of: radio transmission and handover, speech encoding and decoding, blunders detection and correction, signaling and get right of entry to to the SIM. The IMEI code is connected to the MT.
Under the GSM framework, a cell tele cell smartphone is called a Mobile Station and is partitioned into wonderful additives: the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) and the Mobile Equipment (ME).
Read more about the mobile station:
brainly.com/question/917245
#SPJ4
The complete Question is:
Airflow through a long, 0.15-m-square air conditioning duct maintains the outer duct surface temperature at 10°C. If the horizontal duct is uninsulated and exposed to air at 35°C in the crawlspace beneath a home, what is the heat gain per unit length of the duct? Evaluate the properties of air at 300 K. For the sides of the duct, use the more accurate Churchill and Chu correlations for laminar flow on vertical plates.
What is the Rayleigh number for free convection on the outer sides of the duct?
What is the free convection heat transfer coefficient on the outer sides of the duct, in W/m2·K?
What is the Rayleigh number for free convection on the top of the duct?
What is the free convection heat transfer coefficient on the top of the duct, in W/m2·K?
What is the free convection heat transfer coefficient on the bottom of the duct, in W/m2·K?
What is the total heat gain to the duct per unit length, in W/m?
Answers:
- 7709251 or 7.709 ×10⁶
- 4.87
- 965073
- 5.931 W/m² K
- 2.868 W/m² K
- 69.498 W/m
Explanation:
Find the given attachments for complete explanation