Sometimes the object does not burn up completely and a part of it survives the fall to the planet’s surface. These rocky bodies,
2 answers:
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Complete Question
The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image
Answer:
a it is always zero
b 0
c
Explanation:ss
Here the net charge is on the outer surface of the conductor thus this means that the net charge inside the conductor is zero
Generally the charge density of a conductor is dependent on the charge per unit area which implies that the charge density is dependent on the net charge so this means that the charge density inside the conductor is zero
Generally the direction of electric field this from the positive charge to the negative charge so from the question we can deduce that the negative charge is located on the surface of the conductor
So We can mathematically define the charge density on the surface of the electric field as
∮
Where E is the electric field
change in unit area
is the negative charge
is the permittivity of free space
So
Where is the charge density
Theoretically, if the objects have the same mass and are moving towards each other at a speed of 
, after a perfectly elastic collision, the object A is supposed to move with the same velocity in the opposite direction.