Energy can be one answer! There are many, but energy is a main one.
To solve this problem we will apply the principles of energy conservation. On the one hand we have that the work done by the non-conservative force is equivalent to -30J while the work done by the conservative force is 50J.
This leads to the direct conclusion that the resulting energy is 20J.
The conservative force is linked to the movement caused by the sum of the two energies, therefore there is an increase in kinetic energy. The decrease in the mechanical energy of the system is directly due to the loss given by the non-conservative force, therefore there is a decrease in mechanical energy.
Therefore the correct answer is A. Kintetic energy increases and mechanical energy decreases.
The answers is
D. The acid creates cracks in the rocks, which
allow air to circulate through the rock,
causing it to weather
(a) Let's convert the final speed of the car in m/s:

The kinetic energy of the car at t=19 s is

(b) The average power delivered by the engine of the car during the 19 s is equal to the work done by the engine divided by the time interval:

But the work done is equal to the increase in kinetic energy of the car, and since its initial kinetic energy is zero (because the car starts from rest), this translates into

(c) The instantaneous power is given by

where F is the force exerted by the engine, equal to F=ma.
So we need to find the acceleration first:

And the problem says this acceleration is constant during the motion, so now we can calculate the instantaneous power at t=19 s:
B.temperature is an indirect measurement of the heat energy in a substance