Explanation:
A solid state laser contains a cavity like structure fitted with spherical mirrors or plane mirrors at the end filled with a rigidly bonded crystal. It uses solid as the medium. It uses glass or crystalline materials.
It is known that active medium used for this type of laser is a solid material. This lasers are pumped optically by means of a light source which is used as a source of energy for the laser. The solid materials gets excited by absorbing energy in the form of light from the light source. Here the pumping source is light energy.
Answer:
u_e = 9.3 * 10^-8 J / m^3 ( 2 sig. fig)
Explanation:
Given:
- Electric Field strength near earth's surface E = 145 V / m
- permittivity of free space (electric constant) e_o = 8.854 *10^-12 s^4 A^2 / m^3 kg
Find:
- How much energy is stored per cubic meter in this field?
Solution:
- The solution requires the energy density stored between earth's surface and the source of electric field strength. The formula for charge density is given by:
u_e = 0.5*e_o * E^2
- Plug in the values given:
u_e = 0.5*8.854 *10^-12 *145^2
u_e = 9.30777 * 10^-8 J/m^3
Answer:
a) 
b) 
Explanation:
Previous concepts
The cumulative distribution function (CDF) F(x),"describes the probability that a random variableX with a given probability distribution will be found at a value less than or equal to x".
The exponential distribution is "the probability distribution of the time between events in a Poisson process (a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate). It is a particular case of the gamma distribution".
Part a
Let X the random variable of interest. We know on this case that 
And we know the probability denisty function for x given by:

In order to find the cdf we need to do the following integral:

Part b
Assuming that
, then the density function is given by:

And for this case we want this probability:

And evaluating the integral we got:

Answer:
diesel fuel is pumped at high pressure to the injectors which are responsible for entering the fuel into the combustion chamber,
when the piston is at the top the pressure is so high that it explodes the fuel (diesel) that results in a generation of mechanical power