There are several things that can help scientists evaluate which category something belongs to. The similarity in features is one of them. If two skulls looked alike, they were probably species of the same evolutionary category. For example say humans and monkeys rather than humans and dogs.
Similarly fossils have helped scientists categorise species. Study of the chromosomes (in cases with available chromosomes) can help scientists figure out a lot about the subjects and categorise them.
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The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium. Together with hydrogen, they constitute group 1, which lies in the s-block of the periodic table
The alkali metals are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1.
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In the respiratory system, oxygen is breathed in and carbon dioxide ( a green house gas) is breathed out.
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A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. The complete combustion of a large kitchen match, for example, gives you about one kilocalorie of heat