To solve the exercise it is necessary to keep in mind the concepts about the ideal gas equation and the volume in the cube.
However, for this case the Boyle equation will not be used, but the one that corresponds to the Boltzmann equation for ideal gas, in this way it is understood that

Where,
N = Number of molecules
k = Boltzmann constant
V = Volume
T = Temperature
P = Pressure
Our values are given as,




Rearrange the equation to find V we have,



We know that length of a cube is given by

Therefore the Length would be given as,



Therefore each length of the cube is 3.44nm
A hypothesis is a tentative statement which is made to try to explain a known phenomenon but whose truth value is still uncertain, whether it is true or no depends on further research. On the other hand, a theory is made up of hypothesis which have been proven to be true so far, a theory should be able to explain future phenomena successfully
Of course! If it's harmful, then your exposure to it should be kept
to a minimum. That's a no-brainer. But the sun's infrared radiation
is generally less harmful than its ultraviolet radiation is.
The term that describes the amount of energy transported past a given area of the medium per unit time would be "intensity." In addition, the formula for computing intensity would be:
Intensity = Energy / (Time * Area)
It can be implied that the wave would be more intense when its energy transfer rate gets increased and vibration amplitudes also increases.
Answer:
(a) Magnitude of static friction force is 109 N
(b) Minimum possible value of static friction is 0.356
Solution:
As per the question;
Horizontal force exerted by the girl, F = 109 N
Mass of the crate, m = 31.2 kg
Now,
(a) To calculate the magnitude of static friction force:
Since, the crate is at rest, the forces on the crate are balanced and thus the horizontal force is equal to the frictional force, f:
F = f = 109 N
(b) The maximum possible force of friction between the floor and the crate is given by:

where
N = Normal reaction = mg
Thus

For the crate to remain at rest, The force exerted on the crate must be less than or equal to the maximum force of friction.



