Answer:
Solution for 3 different cases are given in explanation.
Explanation:
Gauss's Law:

for
:

for
:

for
:

Answer: 
Explanation:
The equation to calculate the center of mass
of a particle system is:

In this case we can arrange for one dimension, assuming the geometric center of the Earth and the ladder are on a line, and assuming original center of mass located at the Earth's geometric center:

Where:
is the mass of the Earth
is the mass of 1 billion people
is the radius of the Earth
is the distance between the center of the Earth and the position of the people (2 m above the Earth's surface)

This is the displacement of Earth's center of mass from the original center.
The mass is moving with an acceleration of 13.299 m/s².
<h3>What is the straight forward meaning of acceleration?</h3>
The rate at which an object's velocity with respect to time changes is referred to as acceleration in mechanics. They are vector quantities, accelerations.
According to therefore mentioned statement,
the direction of the net force applied on an object determines its acceleration;
according to mentioned data;
F₁=30N
F₂=10N
Net force on object;
F=F₁+F₂
F=F₁y+F₂Cos30°(-x)+F₂ Sinx(-y)
F=3y+10×(√3/2)(-x)+10×(1/2)(-y)
F=ma
ma=-5√3/2(x)+25y
2a=-5√3x/2+25y
a=-5√3x+25y
magnitude(a)=√(-5√3/2)²+(25/2)²
(a) =13.299m/s²
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<span> most importantly, the sun is reflected back at the same angle as the angle of incidence, so with vertical panes of glass and the sun overhead, the reflection will just hit the ground before traveling any distance. </span>