The reasoning for this is false
Answer:

Explanation:
Light rays coming from moon is blocked by the pencil
so as per figure we know that angle subtended by pencil and angle subtended by moon must be same
so we have

so we have

so we have

Answer:
The ratio is 
Explanation:
The diagram for this question is shown on the first uploaded image
Here we are assume the acceleration of the train is a
which makes the acceleration of each car a
From the question we are told that
Considering the second car
The force causing it s movement is mathematically represented as

Considering the first car
The force causing it s movement is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
=> 
=> 
Answer:
upwards
downwards
Explanation:
Given:
weight of the person, 
So, the mass of the person:



- Now if the apparent weight in the elevator,

<u>Then the difference between the two weights is :</u>


is the force that acts on the body which generates the acceleration.
Now the corresponding acceleration:


upwards, because the normal reaction that due to the weight of the body is increased here.
- Now if the apparent weight in the elevator,

<u>Then the difference between the two weights is :</u>


is the force that acts on the body which generates the acceleration.
Now the corresponding acceleration:


downwards, because the normal reaction that due to the weight of the body is decreased here.