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bixtya [17]
2 years ago
5

According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in hcl?

Chemistry
2 answers:
gulaghasi [49]2 years ago
8 0
According  to  valence  bond  theory    sigma  bonds   is  formed when   two  orbitals  approach  and overlap  over  each  other   while     pie  bonds  is  formed  when   two  orbitals  overlap  side  by  side. in formation  of    HCl   1s  orbital  of  hydrogen  overlap  on   3p  orbitals  of  chlorine
Juli2301 [7.4K]2 years ago
3 0

The overlap of s and p Z orbitals of H and Cl, respectively leads to the formation of the covalent bond in HCl.

Explanation

According to valence bond theory, the elements combine to form a compound by overlapping of orbitals with half filled electrons in it.

The valence bond theory is mostly suitable for compounds formed by covalent bonding as the valence bond theory assumes the overlapping or sharing of half filled electrons in the outermost shell.

In HCl, the electronic configuration of H is 1s1 while the electronic configuration of Cl is [Ne] 3s23p5.

So the outermost shell or the valence shell of the elements H and Cl contains 1 and 7 number of electrons.

So the 1 electron in the H will be shared with the 1 unpaired electron in the p orbital of the Cl element so that both H and Cl will be stabilized.  

It is known that p orbital will orient in px,py and pz orbitals.

So the 5 electrons in the p orbital of Cl will be divided as 2 electrons in px sub-orbital, 2 electrons in py sub-orbital and remaining 1 unpaired electron will be occupied in pz sub-orbital.

The arrangement of electrons in the p subshell is done with respect to Pauli's exclusion principle and Aufbau principle.

Thus the unpaired electron of hydrogen when is in s shell will overlap with the unpaired electron in pz sub-orbital of chlorine to form HCl compound.

So the overlap of spz orbitals lead to formation of HCl compound.

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Balanced chemical equation: BaCl2(aq)+Na2SO4(aq)⟶BaSO4(s)+2NaCl(aq)
Ipatiy [6.2K]

Answer:

Part 1)  85.3 grams NaCl

Part 2)  8.79 x 10²³ formula units NaCl

Explanation:

<u>(Part 1)</u>

To find the mass of NaCl, you need to multiply the given value (1.46 moles) by the molar mass of NaCl. This measurement is the atomic masses of the elements times each of their quantities combined. In this case, there is only one mole of each element in the molecule. Moles should be located in the denominator of the conversion to allow for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to reflect the given value.

Molar Mass (NaCl): 22.99 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol
Molar Mass (NaCl): 58.44 g/mol

1.46 moles NaCl            58.44 g
---------------------------  x  ----------------  =  85.3 grams NaCl
                                        1 mole

<u>(Part 2)</u>

I do not know which other question the second part is referring to, so I will just use the moles given in the first part. To find the formula units, you need to multiply the given value (1.46 moles NaCl) by Avogadro's Number. This conversion represents the number of formula units found in 1 mole of the sample. The moles should be in the denominator of the conversion to allow for the cancellation of units.

Avogadro's Number:

1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³ formula units

1.46 moles NaCl         6.022 x 10²³ units
------------------------  x  -----------------------------  =  8.79 x 10²³ formula units NaCl
                                          1 mole

4 0
1 year ago
What chemical bond will S and H form
Over [174]

Answer:

hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
The great French chemist Antoine Lavoisier discovered the Law of Conservation of Mass in part by doing a famous experiment in 17
yawa3891 [41]

Answer:

a. 2 HgO(s) ⇒ 2 Hg(l) + O₂(g)

b. 0.957 g

Explanation:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation

2 HgO(s) ⇒ 2 Hg(l) + O₂(g)

Step 2: Convert 130.0 °C to Kelvin

We will use the following expression.

K = °C + 273.15

K = 130.0°C + 273.15

K = 403.2 K

Step 3: Calculate the moles of O₂

We will use the ideal gas equation.

P × V = n × R × T

n = P × V/R × T

n = 1 atm × 0.0730 L/0.0821 atm.L/mol.K × 403.2 K

n = 2.21 × 10⁻³ mol

Step 4: Calculate the moles of HgO that produced 2.21 × 10⁻³ moles of O₂

The molar ratio of HgO to O₂ is 2:1. The moles of HgO required are 2/1 × 2.21 × 10⁻³ mol = 4.42 × 10⁻³ mol.

Step 5: Calculate the mass corresponding to 4.42 × 10⁻³ moles of HgO

The molar mass of HgO is 216.59 g/mol.

4.42 × 10⁻³ mol × 216.59 g/mol = 0.957 g

5 0
3 years ago
What are the prefixes for molecular compounds?
fredd [130]

Answer:

In nomenclature of simple molecular compounds, the more electropositive atom is written first and the more electronegative element is written last with an -ide suffix.

The Greek prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element present in a molecular compound.

Prefixes can be shortened when the ending vowel of the prefix “conflicts” with a starting vowel in the compound.

Common exceptions exist for naming molecular compounds, where trivial or common names are used instead of systematic names, such as ammonia (NH3) instead of nitrogen trihydride or water (H2O) instead of dihydrogen monooxide.

Terms

nomenclatureA set of rules used for forming the names or terms in a particular field of arts or sciences.

electronegativeTending to attract electrons within a chemical bond.

electropositiveTending to not attract electrons (repel) within a chemical bond.

Chemical Nomenclature

The primary function of chemical nomenclature is to ensure that a spoken or written chemical name leaves no ambiguity concerning to what chemical compound the name refers. Each chemical name should refer to a single substance. Today, scientists often refer to chemicals by their common names: for example, water is not often called dihydrogen oxide. However, it is important to be able to recognize and name all chemicals in a standardized way. The most widely accepted format for nomenclature has been established by IUPAC.

Molecular compounds are made when two or more elements share electrons in a covalent bond to connect the elements. Typically, non-metals tend to share electrons, make covalent bonds, and thus, form molecular compounds.

Rules for Naming Molecular Compounds:

Remove the ending of the second element, and add “ide” just like in ionic compounds.

When naming molecular compounds prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element present in the compound. ” mono-” indicates one, “di-” indicates two, “tri-” is three, “tetra-” is four, “penta-” is five, and “hexa-” is six, “hepta-” is seven, “octo-” is eight, “nona-” is nine, and “deca” is ten.

If there is only one of the first element, you can drop the prefix. For example, CO is carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide.

If there are two vowels in a row that sound the same once the prefix is added (they “conflict”), the extra vowel on the end of the prefix is removed. For example, one oxygen would be monooxide, but instead it’s monoxide. The extra o is dropped.

Generally, the more electropositive atom is written first, followed by the more electronegative atom with an appropriate suffix. For example, H2O (water) can be called dihydrogen monoxide (though it’s not usually). Organic molecules (molecules made of C and H along with other elements) do not follow this rule.

8 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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kirza4 [7]

The correct answer are:

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