Air is a poor conductor of heat. The air trapped between the two panes is a pretty good <em>insulator</em>. It does a lot to prevent heat from flowing through the windows ... keeping heat IN during the Winter, and OUT during the Summer.
There is no acceleration in the horizontal direction (just g in the vertical), so we can use v = d/t, where v is velocity, d is distance and t is time. We can solve for time like so: t = d/v, we can plug in numbers (v is 39.1m/s completely in the horizontal direction, so no need to break it down with sin's and cos's, just plug it in) and we get t = (16.6m)/(39.1 m/s) = 0.42 s. Keep in mind it wouldn't fall far enough vertically to hit home plate (though we don't know the ball's initial height anyway), but would be in the air just above it. Cheers!
Heat rises, and it is warmer at the equator, so I think warm air would rise at the equator and move towards the cooler poles.
