Answer:
"Tempering Process" seems to be the appropriate choice.
Explanation:
- Tempering seems to be a method of heat preparation which is mostly used in completely hard materials to increase consistency, strength, durability, and also some decreasing brittleness.
- The tempering method is used to examine good functionality as well as flexural by reducing stiffness again after the substance has indeed been quenched towards its toughest state.
Answer:
Polymers are the naturally occurring or synthetic macromolecules that are composed of repeating subunits, called monomers.
The three main classes of polymers are: thermoplastic, thermosetting, and the elastomers.
Thermoplastic polymers have linear bonding. These polymers can be melted again and thus can recycled.
Thermosetting polymers have cross-linked bonding. These polymers decompose when heated and thus can not be remelted and recycled.
Elastomers have linear bonding with some cross-linking. These polymers extreme elastic extensibility and thus can revert back to its original shape after deformation, without causing any permanent damage.
Answer:
a)
, b) 
Explanation:
a) The ideal Coefficient of Performance for the heat pump is:



The reversible work input is:



b) The irreversibility is given by the difference between real work and ideal work inputs:


Answer:
add resistance to a circuit
Explanation:
It depends on the design in which it is incorporated. A fixed resistor has many uses, including, but not limited to ...
- dropping voltage
- limiting current
- contributing to a time delay
- adjusting frequency response
- eliminating (or creating) signal reflections
- acting as a fuse
- calibrating or trimming a response
- providing protection against electrical shock or ESD
- acting as a reference when measuring variable resistors
Answer:
4.6 mm
Explanation:
Given data includes:
thin-walled pipe diameter = 100-mm =0.1 m
Temperature of pipe
= -15° C = (-15 +273)K =258 K
Temperature of water
= 3° C = (3 + 273)K = 276 K
Temperature of ice
= 0° C = (0 +273)K =273 K
Thermal conductivity (k) from the ice table = 1.94 W/m.K ; R = 0.05
convection coefficient
=2000 W/m².K
The energy balance can be expressed as:

where;
------------- equation (1)
------------ equation(2)
Equating both equation (1) and (2); we have;

Replacing the given data; we have:








r = 0.0454
The thickness (t) of the ice layer can now be calculated as:
t = (R - r)
t = (0.05 - 0.0454)
t = 0.0046 m
t = 4.6 mm