Answer: E.
Explanation: because the book is on the table, its not really moving in any direction.
Answer:

Explanation:
<u>Given:</u>
- Diameter of the plates of the capacitor, D = 21 cm = 0.21 m.
- Distance of separation between the plates, d = 1.0 cm = 0.01 m.
- Minimum value of electric field that produces spark,

When the dimensions of the plate of the capacitor is comparatively much larger than the distance of separation between the plates, then, according to the Gauss' law of electrostatics, the value of the electric field strength in the region between the plates of the capacitor is given by

where,
= surface charge density of the plate of the capacitor =
.
= magnitude of the charge on each of the plate.
= surface area of each of the plate =
= electrical permittivity of free space, having value = 
For the minimum value of electric field that produces spark,

It is the maximum value of the magnitude of charge which can be added up to each of the plates of the capacitor.
I think it might be a or d i hope i have helped :)
(1 parsec) is the distance at which an object has a parallax of 1 arcsecond. The distance is about 3.26 light years.
Another way to understand it is: The distance from which the Earth's orbit appears 1 arcsecond across.
For a parallax angle of 1/2 arcsecond, the distance is <em>2 parsecs </em>(about 6.52 light years).
1 arcsecond is 1/3600 of a degree, 0.00028 degree.