A closed economy<span> is self-sufficient, meaning no imports are brought in and no exports are sent out, the goal being to provide consumers with everything they need from within the </span>economy's borders. An example would be how <span>Brazil's is an unusually </span>closed economy<span> as measured by trade penetration, with exports plus imports equal to just 27.6 per cent of GDP in 2013.</span>
<span>I would say D because the Br is bonded to a tertiary carbon (a carbon bonded to three other carbon atoms). This makes the bond more stable compared to if the Br was bonded to a primary or secondary carbon, and so it is unlikely for spontaneous substitution of Br for OH to occur. Hydrolysis occurs through reaction intermediates that make the making and breaking of C-OH and C-Br bonds respectively more favourable.</span>
