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Below are the choices and the answer is <span>B.
</span>a.) Models can be changed by scientists who are more famous than previous scientists.
<span>b.) As technology advances, new experiments often expose problems in accepted theories. </span>
<span>c.) Scientists tend to value new theories because they are more exciting. </span>
<span>d.) A newer theory is more valid because it uses more mathematics. </span>
A process with a negative change in enthalpy and a negative change in entropy will generally be: <u>spontaneous</u>.
<h3>Gibbs free energy:</h3>
Since the Gibbs free energy is a parameter that tells us whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous (Gibbs free energy less than 0) or nonspontaneous (Gibbs free energy greater than 0) in this situation, we can describe it mathematically as:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
Therefore, any process with a negative change in enthalpy and a positive change in entropy will be spontaneous. If the enthalpy and the entropy are both negative, the subtraction becomes always negative, for which the Gibbs free energy is also negative.
One of the most crucial thermodynamic functions for the characterization of a system is the Gibbs free energy. It influences results like the voltage of an electrochemical cell and the equilibrium constant for a reversible reaction, among others.
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I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option C. As an object sinks in a fluid, the buoyant force increases before it is submerged and as the object is submerged the buoyant force stays the same. This can be explained by Archimedes principle.<span />
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-- using electrical energy to light up a light bulb,
producing unwanted heat
-- using electrical energy to heat up a heater,
producing unwanted light
