Chlorine is one of the important commodity chemicals for the global economy. Before the advent of large scale
1 answer:
The composition of gas in the feed, the percentage conversion and the
theoretical yield are combined to give the product stream composition.
Response:
The composition of gas in the product stream are;
- HCl: 0.4 kmol/h, Cl₂: 1.6 kmol/h, H₂O: 1.6 kmol/h, O₂: 0.5 kmol/h
The amount of oxygen used = 30% exceeding the theoretical amount
Number of moles of hydrochloric acid = 4 kmol/h
Percentage conversion = 80%
Required:
The composition of the gas in the product feed.
Solution;
The given reaction is; 4HCl + O₂ 2Cl₂ + 2H₂O
Which gives;
Moles of limiting reactant reacted = 4 kmol/h × 0.80 = 3.6 kmol/h
Which gives;
Number of moles of HCl in the stream = 4 kmol/h - 3.6 kmol/h = 0.4 kmol/h
Number of moles of Cl₂ produced = 2 kmol/h × 0.8 = 1.6 kmol/h
Similarly;
Number of moles of H₂O produced = 2 kmol/h × 0.8 = 1.6 kmol/h
Number of moles of O₂ in the product stream = 30% × 1 kmol/h + 20% × 1 kmol/h = 0.5 kmol/h
The composition of the production stream is therefore;
- <u>HCl: 0.4 kmol/h</u>
- <u>Cl₂: 1.6 kmol/h</u>
- <u>H₂O: 1.6 kmol/h</u>
- <u>O₂: 0.5 kmol/h</u>
Learn more about theoretical and actual yield here:
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Answer:
Solution 2:
The thermal energy of any particle is given as =
where m= Effective mass of the particle,
v= Velocity of the particle
The average kinetic energy is given as =
where K= Boltzmann Constant
T= Temperautre of the particle
At equilibrium,
1/2 mv² = 3/2 KT
Hence, v=
As, effective mass ratio is calculated with respect to rest mass of electron,
melectron = 0.11 * 9.11 *10-31 kg
mhole = 0.35 *9.11 *10-31 kg
K = 1.38 × 10-23 m2 kg s-2 K-1
Plotting, over a range of temperature of 0 K to 400 K, we obtain the attached Graphs (attached).
Solution 3:
The above two curves plotted are not identical as seen. From the same value of Temperature, and under identical conditons, the Thermal velocity solely depends on effective mass ratio. And it is inversely proportional to effective mass ratio. More the effective mass ratio, less the thermal velocity and flatter the slope of the curve and vice versa. As, the mass ratio of holes is more than that of electrons, the curve of electrons has a steeper slope than that of holes. Hence, the curves are not just identical.
Answer:
correct option is (B) 315,500
Explanation:
given data
volume = 320,000 yd³ = 8640000 ft³
dry unit weight = 106 pcf
moisture content = 18.2%
total unit weight = 122 pcf
moisture content = 16.7%
to find out
volume of borrow lyd needed
solution
first we get here weight of material that is
weight = volume × unit weight
weight = 8640000 × 122
weight = 1054080000 lb
that weight is weight of water + weight of solid so
0.167 × weight is weight of water + weight of solid ) = 1054080000 lb
and weight of solid =
weight of soil solid is = 903239075 pound
and weight of water = 150840925 pound
so volume of soil = 903239075 ÷ 106 lb/ft³ = 8521123.34 ft³
and volume required = 8521123.34 ft³ ÷ 27 ft³ = 315597.161 yd³
volume required = 315500 yd³
so correct option is (B) 315,500