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jek_recluse [69]

2 years ago

15

A rollercoaster loop has a radius of 22.7 m. what is the minimum speed the coaster must have at the top of the loop to not fall

off the track? (unit = m/s)

1 answer:

Softa [21]2 years ago

4 0

Answer:

v = 14.92 m/s

Explanation:

First, make a <u>free body diagram</u> and see the <u>forces in the y-direction</u>.

∑F_y = F_N - F_g

Use Newton's 2nd Law F = ma to replace ∑F_y with m * a_y.

m * a_y = F_N - F_g

The acceleration in the y-direction is the centripetal acceleration, a_c = v^2/r.

m * v^2/r = F_N - mg

The <u>normal force is 0</u> because this is where the rollercoaster is not falling off the track yet not touching the track.

m * v^2/r = - mg

The masses cancel out.

v^2/r = -g

<u>Solve for v</u> to find the speed of the rollercoaster at the top of the loop.

v^2 = -(-9.81) * r
v = √(9.81 * 22.7)
v = 14.9227

The minimum speed the coaster must have at the top of the loop to not fall off the track is <u>14.92 m/s</u>.

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A car starting from rest accelerates in a straight line at a constant rate of 5.5m/s for 6s.If the car after this acceleration s

aalyn [17]

Answer:

The time it takes to stop is 13.75 seconds

Explanation:

A body moving with constant acceleration, 'a', for a time, 't', has a final velocity, 'v', given by the following kinematic equation;

v = u + a·t

Where;

v = The final velocity of the body

a = The acceleration of the body

t = The time of acceleration (accelerating period) of the body

u = The initial velocity of the body

The given parameters for the acceleration of the car are;

The initial velocity of the car, u = 0 m/s (a car starting from rest)

The constant acceleration of the car, a = 5.5 m/s²

The acceleration duration, t = 6 s

Therefore, we have;

The final velocity of the car after the acceleration, v = 0 m/s + 5.5 m/s² × 6 s = 33 m/s

The final velocity of the car after the acceleration, v = 33 m/s

When the car slows down uniformly, and comes to a stop (final velocity, v₂ = 0 m/s), it has a constant negative acceleration, (deceleration) '-a₂'

The given parameters when the car slows down are;

The deceleration, -a₂ = 2.4 m/s²

The final velocity, v₂ = 0 m/s

The initial velocity, u₂ = v = 33 m/s

The time it takes to stop = t₂

-a₂ = 2.4 m/s²

∴ a₂ = -2.4 m/s²

From, v = u + a·t, we have;

v₂ = v + a₂·t₂

By plugging in the values of the variables, we have;

0 m/s = 33 m/s + (-2.4 m/s²) × t₂

∴ 2.4 m/s² × t₂ = 33 m/s

t₂ = 33 m/s/(2.4 m/s²) = 13.75 s

The time it takes to stop, t₂ = 13.75 seconds

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Answer: A ( $\sqrt{61}$ ,309.8°)

B (2 $\sqrt{2}$ , 315°)

C ( $3\sqrt{5}$ , 26.56°)

Explanation: To transform rectangular coordinates into polar coordinates use:

$r=\sqrt{x^{2}+y^{2}}$ and $\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{y}{x})$

For point A:

$r=\sqrt{(-5)^{2}+6^{2}}$

$r=\sqrt{61}$

$\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{6}{-5})$

$\theta=tan^{-1}(-1.2)$

$\theta=-50.2$ °

Point A is in the II quadrant, so we substract the angle for 360° since it is in degrees:

$\theta=360-50.2$

$\theta=$ 309.8°

Polar coordinates for point A is ( $\sqrt{61}$ , 309.8°)

For point B:

$r=\sqrt{2^{2}+(-2)^{2}}$

$r=\sqrt{8}$

$r=2\sqrt{2}$

$\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{-2}{2} )$

$\theta=tan^{-1}(1)$

$\theta=-45$ °

Point B is in IV quadrant, so:

$\theta=360-45$

$\theta=$ 315°

Polar coordinates for point B is ( $2\sqrt{2}$ , 315°)

For point C:

$r=\sqrt{(-6)^{2}+(-3)^{2}}$

$r=\sqrt{45}$

$r=3\sqrt{5}$

$\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{-3}{-6} )$

$\theta=tan^{-1}(0.5)$

$\theta=$ 26.56°

Polar coordinates for point C is ( $3\sqrt{5}$ , 26.56°)

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