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2 years ago

The controller determines if a(n) _________ exists by calculating the difference between the SP and the PV.

Engineering

1 answer:

shusha [124]2 years ago

7 0

The controller determines if a(n) error exists by calculating the difference between the SP and the PV.

<h3>How does a controller work in control system?</h3>

The Control system is one where it entails if the output is one that has an effect on the input quantity.

So it uses the PV(Process Variable) set against the SP(Setpoint) to know if an error exists.

So, The controller determines if a(n) error exists by calculating the difference between the SP and the PV.

Learn more about controller from

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A wastewater treatment plant has two primary clarifiers, each 20m in diameter with a 2-m side-water depth. the effluent weirs ar

jasenka [17]

Answer:

overflow rate 20.53 m^3/d/m^2

Detention time 2.34 hr

weir loading 114.06 m^3/d/m

Explanation:

calculation for single clarifier

$sewag\ flow Q = \frac{12900}{2} = 6450 m^2/d$

$surface\ area =\frac{pi}{4}\times diameter ^2 = \frac{pi}{4}\times 20^2$

$surface area = 314.16 m^2$

volume of tank $V = A\times side\ water\ depth$

$=314.16\times 2 = 628.32m^3$

$Length\ of\ weir = \pi \times diameter of weir$

$= \pi \times 18 = 56.549 m$

overflow rate = $v_o = \frac{flow}{surface\ area} = \frac{6450}{314.16} = 20.53 m^3/d/m^2$

Detention time $t_d = \frac{volume}{flow} = \frac{628.32}{6450} \times 24 = 2.34 hr$

weir loading $= \frac{flow}{weir\ length} = \frac{6450}{56.549} = 114.06 m^3/d/m$

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3 years ago

How does the clearance volume affect the efficiency of the Otto cycle?

eduard

Answer:

Explanation:

A smaller clearance volume means a higher compression. A higher compression means better thermal efficiency. However a compression ratio too high might be troublesome, as it can cause accidental ignition of the fuel-air mix. This is the reason why Otto cycle engines have lower compressions that Diesel engines. In a Diesel engine the mix ignites by compression instead of a spark.

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3 years ago

What was a campaign belief in the 1980 presidential election? Carter called for a stronger national defense. Carter promised to

andreyandreev [35.5K]

Answer:

Explanation:

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

In an orthogonal cutting operation, the tool has a rake angle = 12°. The chip thickness before the cut = 0.32 mm and the cut yie

Snezhnost [94]

Answer:

The shear plane angle and shear strain are 28.21° and 2.155 respectively.

Explanation:

(a)

Orthogonal cutting is the cutting process in which cutting direction or cutting velocity is perpendicular to the cutting edge of the part surface.

Given:

Rake angle is 12°.

Chip thickness before cut is 0.32 mm.

Chip thickness is 0.65 mm.

Calculation:

Step1

Chip reduction ratio is calculated as follows:

$r=\frac{t}{t_{c}}$

$r=\frac{0.32}{0.65}$

r = 0.4923

Step2

Shear angle is calculated as follows:

$tan\phi=\frac{rcos\alpha}{1-rsin\alpha}$

Here, $\phi$ is shear plane angle, r is chip reduction ratio and $\alpha$ is rake angle.

Substitute all the values in the above equation as follows:

$tan\phi=\frac{rcos\alpha}{1-rsin\alpha}$

$tan\phi=\frac{0.4923cos12^{\circ}}{1-0.4923sin12^{\circ}}$

$tan\phi=\frac{0.48155}{0.8976}$

$\phi=28.21^{\circ}$

Thus, the shear plane angle is 28.21°.

(b)

Step3

Shears train is calculated as follows:

$\gamma=cot\phi+tan(\phi-\alpha)$

$\gamma=cot28.21^{\circ}+tan(28.21^{\circ}-12^{\circ})$ $\gamma = 2.155$ .

Thus, the shear strain rate is 2.155.

6 0

3 years ago

Write a Nios II assembly program that reads binary data from the Slider Switches, SW11-0, on the DE2-115 Simulator, and display

Citrus2011 [14]

Algorithm of the Nios II assembly program.

Attain data for simulation from the SW11-0, on the DE2-115 Simulator
The data will be read from the switches in loop.
The decimal output is displayed using the seven-segment displays and done using the loop.
The program is ended by the user operating the SW1 switch

and

The decimal equivalent on the seven-segment displays HEX3-0 is

DE2-115
DE2-115_SW11
DE2-115_HEX3
DE2-115_HEX4
DE2-115_HEX5
DE2-115_HEX6
DE2-115_HEX7

<h3>The Algorithm and decimal equivalent on the seven-segment displays HEX3-0</h3>

Generally, the program will be written using a cpulator simulator in order to attain best result.

We are to

Attain data for simulation from the SW11-0, on the DE2-115 Simulator
The data will be read from the switches in loop.
The decimal output is displayed using the seven-segment displays and done using the loop.
The program is ended by the user operating the SW1 switch

This will be the Algorithm of the Nios II assembly program .

Hence, the decimal equivalent on the seven-segment displays HEX3-0 is

DE2-115
DE2-115_SW11
DE2-115_HEX3
DE2-115_HEX4
DE2-115_HEX5
DE2-115_HEX6
DE2-115_HEX7

For more information on Algorithm

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2 years ago