Question

water dissolves salts because it: select one: a. is hydrophobic, and salts are also hydrophobic. b. forms covalent bonds with the atoms of the salt crystal. c. has partial positive and negative charges. d. evaporates quickly at room temperature.

Answer 1

Salts get dissolved in water because it has partial positive and negative charges. So option (c) is correct.

Why does salt dissolves in water?

The water molecules pull the Na and Cl ions apart while breaking the ionic bond which held them together. After the salt ions are pulled apart, they get surrounded by water molecules. The salt dissolves to form a homogeneous solution.

1. The slightly positive portion of sodium is attracted to the slightly negative portion of oxygen on the water molecule. At the same time, the slightly electronegative chlorine moieties of NaCl are attracted to the slightly electropositive hydrogen moieties of water.
2. In either case, no true bond is formed, the stronger covalent bonds of water (also commonly held by hydrogen bonds between water molecules) win, NaCl gets pulled apart, resulting in dissociation of Na+ and Cl- ions with the Na+ and Cl- ions setting loosely in place between the intact H₂O molecules. NaCl is then ​dissolved​.

Salts are ionic and are expected to dissolve in water because water itself is polar. Therefore, ionic salts are expected to dissolve in polar solvents.

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