omplete the relationship between ph and pka for each of the following atomic view pictures of a buffered solution.
1 answer:
The relationship between pH and pKa of buffer solution in given atomic view:
In figure I pH= pKa ( since [HA] =[A-] )
In figure II pH > pKa ( since [A-] > [HA] )
In figure III pH < pKa ( since [A-] < [HA] )
The pH and pKa are related by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. It should not be used for concentrated solutions, extremely low pH acids, or extremely high pH bases because it is simply an approximation.
pH = pKa + log(conjugate base/weak acid).
pH equals pKa plus log ([A-] / [HA]).
pH is determined by dividing the weak acid concentration by the log of the conjugate base concentration and the pKa value.
About halfway to the equivalence point:
pH = pKa
It's important to note that this equation is familiar with the connection because it is sometimes written for the Ka value rather than the pKa value.
pKa = – log Ka
Hence, value of pH depend on relative concentration of [A-] and HA]
To know more about Ka.
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Answer:
a) Representation - (in attachment)
b) Tetrahedral geometry and
c) hybrid orbitals invovle sigma bonding.
orbitals are formed by the overlapping of d-orbitals of sulfur with p-orbitals of oxygen.
Explanation:
a)
Representation in attachment.
The overall charge in the both structures are -2. The structure (b) is favored by the resonance structures since the formal charge with in the species are remained.
Therefore, structure (b) is the better representation of sulfate ion.
b)
In sulfate ion, sulfur atom is attached with four different oxygen atoms. According to the VSEPR theory , the sufate ion has tetrahedral geometry.
There is four sigma bonds and zero lone pairs present on the central metal atom.
Hence, the hybridization of the sulfur atom is
c)
The s and p orbitals of sulfur invovles hybridization and form sigma bonds.The orbitals of sulfur involves bonding.
Therefore, bonds are formed by the overlapping of d-orbitals of sulfur with p-orbitals of oxygen.
