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liubo4ka [24]
1 year ago
14

how is friction losses in pipes reduced? a. decrease the pipe diameter b. increase the length of the pipes. c. decrease the leng

th of the pipes d. increase the number of valves and pipe fittings e. reduce the surface roughness of the pipes f. increase the pipe diameter
Engineering
1 answer:
Citrus2011 [14]1 year ago
3 0

Friction losses in pipes can be reduced by decreasing the length of the pipes, reducing the surface roughness of the pipes, and increasing the pipe diameter. Thus, options (c),(e), and (f) hold correct answers.

Friction loss is a measure of the amount of energy a piping system loses because flowing fluids meet resistance. As fluids flow through the pipes, they carry energy with them. Unfortunately, whenever there is resistance to the flow rate, it diverts fluids, and energy escapes. These opposing forces result in friction loss in pipes.

Friction loss in pipes can decrease the efficiency of the functions of pipes. These are a few ways by which friction loss in pipes can be reduced and the efficiency of the piping system can be boosted:

  • <u><em>Decrease the length of the pipes</em></u>: By decreasing pipe lengths and avoiding the use of sharp turns, fittings, and tees, whenever possible result in a more natural path for fluids to flow.
  • <u><em>Reduce the surface roughness of the pipes</em></u>:  By reducing the interior surface roughness of pipes, a smooth and clearer path is provided for liquids to flow.
  • <u><em>Increase the pipe diameter: </em></u>By widening the diameters of pipes, it is ensured that fluids squeeze through pipes easily.

You can learn more about friction losses at

brainly.com/question/13348561

#SPJ4

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the increase of current when 15 V is applied to 10000ohm rheostat which is adjusted to 1000ohm value​
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Given data:
•) applied voltage = 15 V
•). Resistance = 1000 ohm

Required:
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•••••••••••••SOLUTION•••••••••••••

We can find the relation ship between current, voltage and resistance with the help of Ohms law.

According to ohms law;

V= IR.

Rearranging the above equation;

I= V/ R

Putt the values in the above equation; we get

I= 15V/ 1000ohm

I = 0.015 A( ampere)

••••••••••••••• CONCLUSION•••••••

The value of the current would be 0.15 ampere when Resistance is equal to 1000 and that of Voltage is equal to 15 V.
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Problem 9.11 A structural component in the form of a wide plate is to be fabricated from a steel alloy that has a plane strain f
BabaBlast [244]

Answer:

the critical flaw length is 10.06 mm

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

plane strain fracture toughness K_{tc = 92 Mpa√m

yield strength σ_y = 900 Mpa

design stress is one-half of the yield strength ( 900 Mpa / 2 ) 450 Mpa

Y = 1.15

we know that;

Critical crack length a_c = 1/π( K_{tc / Yσ )²

we substitute

a_c = 1/π( 92 Mpa√m / (1.15 × 450 Mpa  )²

a_c = 1/π( 92 Mpa√m / (517.5 Mpa  )²

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a_c = 1/π( 0.03160466 )

a_c = 0.01006 m = 10.06 mm

Therefore, the critical flaw length is 10.06 mm

{ a_c = ( 10.06 mm ) > 3 mm

The critical flow is subject to detection

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