Question

What does the ideal gas law allow a scientist to calculate that the other gas laws do not?

Answer 1

The ideal gas law allows a scientist to calculate the number of moles that the other gas laws do not. The ideal gas law is given as

P V = n RT

rearranging the equation by dividing both side by "RT", we get

PV/(RT) = nRT/(RT)

n = PV/(RT)

inserting the values of pressure, volume and temperature, we get number of moles.

Answer 2

The ideal gas law allows the scientists to calculate the number of moles of the gas whereas other gas laws deal with the temperature, pressure and volume of the gas only.

Further Explanation:

The ideal gas law for an ideal gas establishes the relation between the pressure, volume, temperature and the number of moles of a gas. According to the ideal gas law, the product of the pressure and volume of the gas is directly proportional to the product of the number of moles and the temperature of the gas.

The ideal gas law can be represented mathematically as.

${PV}$ ∞ ${nT}$

Remove the proportionality constant.

 $\boxed{\text{}PV=nRT}$

Here, $P$ is the pressure of gas, $V$ is the volume of the gas,   is the number of moles, $R$ is the gas constant and $T$ is the temperature of the gas.

The other gas laws are the Boyle’s Law and the Charles’ Law. The Boyle’s Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas.  

On the other hand, the Charles’ Law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.

It shows that the other gas laws only establish the relation between the pressure, temperature and the volume of the gas but do not deal with the number of the moles of gas. The number of moles can only be known from the ideal gas law.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Gas Law

Subject: Physics

Keywords:  Gas laws, Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, ideal gas law, gas equation, number of moles, pressure, volume, temperature, PV=nRT.