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3 years ago

Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on venus. the radius of venus is about 6.06 x 106 m and its mass is 4.88 x 1024 kg.

1 answer:

Elena-2011 [213]3 years ago

7 0

The formula for the acceleration due to gravity is:

a = Gm/r²
where
G is the universal gravitational constant = 6.6726 x 10⁻¹¹ N-m²/kg²
m is the mass of venus
r is the radius of venus

Substituting the values,

a = (6.6726 x 10⁻¹¹ N-m²/kg²)(4.88x10²⁴ kg)/(6.06x10⁶ m)²
<em>a = 8.87 m/s²</em>

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So far in your life, you may have assumed that as you are sitting in your chair right now, you are not accelerating. However, th

tia_tia [17]

Answer:

a) $a=33.73mm/s^{2}$

b) mg>N

c) $\%_{change}=0.343\%$

d) $a=24.07mm/s^{2}$

Explanation:

In order to solve part a) of the problem, we can start by drawing a free body diagram of the presented situation. (see attached picture).

In this case, we know the centripetal acceleration is given by the following formula:

$a_{c}=\omega ^{2}r$

where:

$\omega=\frac{2\pi}{T}$

we know the period of rotation of the earth is about 24 hours, so:

$T=24hr*\frac{3600s}{1hr}=86400s$

so we can now find the angular speed:

$\omega=\frac{2\pi}{86400s}$

$\omega=72.72x10^{-6} rad/s^{2}$

So the centripetal acceleration will be:

$a_{c} =(72.72x10^{-6} rad/s^{2})^{2}(6478x10^{3}m)$

which yields:

$a_{c}=33.73mm/s^{2}$

In order to answer part b, we must draw a free body diagram of us sitting on a chair. (See attached picture.)

So we can do a sum of forces in equilibrium:

$\sum F=0$

so we get that:

$N-mg+ma_{c} = 0$

and solve for the normal force:

$N=mg-ma_{c}$

In this case, we can clearly see that:

$mg>mg-ma_{c}$

therefore mg>N

This is because the centripetal acceleration is pulling us upwards, that will make the magnitude of the normal force smaller than the product of the mass times the acceleration of gravity.

So let's calculate our weight and normal force:

Let's say we weight a total of 60kg, so:

$mg=(60kg)(9.81m/s^{2})=588.6N$

and let's calculate the normal force:

$N=m(g-a_{c})$

$N=(60kg)(9.81m/s^{2}-33.73x10^{-3}m/s^{2})$

N=586.58N

so now we can calculate the percentage change:

$\%_{change} = \frac{mg-N}{mg}x100\%$

so we get:

$\%_{change} = \frac{588.6N-586.58N}{588.6N} x 100\%$

$\%_{change}=0.343\%$

which is a really small change.

d) In order to find this acceleration, we need to start by calculating the radius of rotation at that point of earth. (See attached picture).

There, we can see that the radius can be found by using the cos function:

$cos \theta = \frac{AS}{h}$

In this case:

$cos \theta = \frac{r}{R_{E}}$

so we can solve for r, so we get:

$r= R_{E}cos \theta$

in this case we'll use the average radius of earch which is 6,371 km, so we get:

$r = (6371x10^{3}m)cos (44.4^{o})$

which yields:

r=4,551.91 km

and now we can calculate the acceleration at that point:

$a=\omega ^{2}r$

$a=(72.72x10^{-6} rad/s)^{2}(4,551.91x10^{3}m$

$a=24.07 mm/s^{2}$

5 0

3 years ago

A 44-cm-diameter water tank is filled with 35 cm of water. A 3.0-mm-diameter spigot at the very bottom of the tank is opened and

cricket20 [7]

Answer:

The frequency $f$ = 521.59 Hz

The rate at which the frequency is changing = 186.9 Hz/s

Explanation:

Given that :

Diameter of the tank = 44 cm

Radius of the tank = $\frac{d}{2}$ = $\frac{44}{2}$ = 22 cm

Diameter of the spigot = 3.0 mm

Radius of the spigot = $\frac{d}{2}$ = $\frac{3.0}{2}$ = 1.5 mm

Diameter of the cylinder = 2.0 cm

Radius of the cylinder = $\frac{d}{2}$ = $\frac{2.0}{2}$ = 1.0 cm

Height of the cylinder = 40 cm = 0.40 m

The height of the water in the tank from the spigot = 35 cm = 0.35 m

Velocity at the top of the tank = 0 m/s

From the question given, we need to consider that the question talks about movement of fluid through an open-closed pipe; as such it obeys Bernoulli's Equation and the constant discharge condition.

The expression for Bernoulli's Equation is as follows:

$P_1+\frac{1}{2}pv_1^2+pgy_1=P_2+\frac{1}{2}pv^2_2+pgy_2$

$pgy_1=\frac{1}{2}pv^2_2 +pgy_2$

$v_2=\sqrt{2g(y_1-y_2)}$

where;

P₁ and P₂ = initial and final pressure.

v₁ and v₂ = initial and final fluid velocity

y₁ and y₂ = initial and final height

p = density

g = acceleration due to gravity

So, from our given parameters; let's replace

v₁ = 0 m/s ; y₁ = 0.35 m ; y₂ = 0 m ; g = 9.8 m/s²

∴ we have:

v₂ = $\sqrt{2*9.8*(0.35-0)}$

v₂ = $\sqrt {6.86}$

v₂ = 2.61916

v₂ ≅ 2.62 m/s

Similarly, using the expression of the continuity for water flowing through the spigot into the cylinder; we have:

v₂A₂ = v₃A₃

v₂r₂² = v₃r₃²

where;

v₂r₂ = velocity of the fluid and radius at the spigot

v₃r₃ = velocity of the fluid and radius at the cylinder

$v_3 = \frac{v_2r_2^2}{v_3^2}$

where;

v₂ = 2.62 m/s

r₂ = 1.5 mm

r₃ = 1.0 cm

we have;

v₃ = $(2.62 m/s)*$ $(\frac{1.5mm^2}{1.0mm^2} )$

v₃ = 0.0589 m/s

∴ velocity of the fluid in the cylinder = 0.0589 m/s

So, in an open-closed system we are dealing with; the frequency can be calculated by using the expression;

$f=\frac{v_s}{4(h-v_3t)}$

where;

$v_s$ = velocity of sound

h = height of the fluid

v₃ = velocity of the fluid in the cylinder

$f=\frac{343}{4(0.40-(0.0589)(0.4)}$

$f= \frac{343}{0.6576}$

$f$ = 521.59 Hz

∴ The frequency $f$ = 521.59 Hz

What are the rate at which the frequency is changing (Hz/s) when the cylinder has been filling for 4.0 s?

The rate at which the frequency is changing is related to the function of time (t) and as such:

$\frac{df}{dt}= \frac{d}{dt}(\frac{v_s}{4}(h-v_3t)^{-1})$

$\frac{df}{dt}= -\frac{v_s}{4}(h-v_3t)^2(-v_3)$

$\frac{df}{dt}= \frac{v_sv_3}{4(h-v_3t)^2}$

where;

$v_s$ (velocity of sound) = 343 m/s

v₃ (velocity of the fluid in the cylinder) = 0.0589 m/s

h (height of the cylinder) = 0.40 m

t (time) = 4.0 s

Substituting our values; we have ;

$\frac{df}{dt}= \frac{343*0.0589}{4(0.4-(0.0589*4.0))^2}$

= 186.873

≅ 186.9 Hz/s

∴ The rate at which the frequency is changing = 186.9 Hz/s when the cylinder has been filling for 4.0 s.

8 0

3 years ago

The patellar tendon attaches to the tibia at a 20 deg angle 3 cm from the axis of rotation at the knee. If the force generated i

gregori [183]

Answer:

the resulting angular acceleration is 15.65 rad/s²

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

force generated in the patellar tendon F = 400 N

patellar tendon attaches to the tibia at a 20° angle 3 cm( 0.03 m ) from the axis of rotation at the knee.

so Torque produced by the knee will be;

T = F × d⊥

T = 400 N × 0.03 m × sin( 20° )

T = 400 N × 0.03 m × 0.342

T = 4.104 N.m

Now, we determine the moment of inertia of the knee

I = mk²

given that; the lower leg and foot have a combined mass of 4.2kg and a given radius of gyration of 25 cm ( 0.25 m )

we substitute

I = 4.2 kg × ( 0.25 m )²

I = 4.2 kg × 0.0626 m²

I = 0.2625 kg.m²

So from the relation of Moment of inertia, Torque and angular acceleration;

T = I∝

we make angular acceleration ∝, subject of the formula

∝ = T / I

we substitute

∝ = 4.104 / 0.2625

∝ = 15.65 rad/s²

Therefore, the resulting angular acceleration is 15.65 rad/s²

8 0

3 years ago

Mental health focuses on which component?

VMariaS [17]

The answer is 4, well because stress don't bring your mental health down and learning how to stay focused will just help you more

6 0

3 years ago

How much work is done on a satellite in a circular orbit about earth?

alexgriva [62]

Answer:

0 J

Explanation:

$W$ = Work done on the satellite in circular orbit about earth by earth

$F$ = Force on gravity on satellite by earth

$d$ = displacement of the satellite

$\theta$ = Angle between the force on gravity and displacement = 90

We know that, Work done is given as

$W = F d Cos\theta\\W = F d Cos90\\W = F d (0)\\W = 0 J$

3 0

3 years ago