What will cause the particles of a solid to become arranged in a more random manner

Given that a commercial airliner has a range a range of 9,500 miles using 265 tons of JP-4 fuel. Estimate the range of the aircr

Blizzard [7]

Here is the full question.

Given that a commercial airliner has a range of 9,500 miles using 265 tonnes of JP-4 fuel. Estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4.

The dry mass of the aircraft is 800 tonnes. The fuel properties are as follows:

Fuel Density (kg/m³) Heating value (kJ/kg)

JP4 800.0 45000

H₂ (gaseous, S.T.P) 0.0824 120900

H₂ (liquid, 1 atm) 70.8 120900

Answer:

25,514 mi

Explanation:

Let first calculate the value of initial mass of the aircraft $m_1$ when burning JP4 fuel by using the expression:

$m_1 =m_2 + m_{JP4}$

where;

$m_2 = 800t$

$m_{JP4} = 265t$

$m_1 = 800t+265t$

$m_1=1065 t$

We need to employ the use of the range of the airliner which can be expressed by the formula;

$s = \eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g})In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})(\frac{Q_R}{g})$

where;

$\eta__0}$ = overall efficiency

L = lift

$\delta g$ = drag force

$m_1 =$ initial mass of the vehicle

$m_2$ = is the final mass of the airliner after the burning of fuel

$Q_R$ = is the heat of the reaction of the fuel burning.

g = gravitational acceleration

Rearranging the above equation; we have:

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{ s}{In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})({Q_R})}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{9500 mi}{In(\frac{1065t}{800t})({45000 kJ/kg})}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = \frac{0.2111}{In(1.33)}$

$\eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g}) = 0.74 mi.kg/kJ$

To estimate the range of the aircraft burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4; we have:

$s = \eta__0}(\frac{L}{\delta g})In(\frac{m_1}{m_2})(\frac{Q_R}{g})$

$s= (0.74mi.kg/kJ)(120900kJ/kg)In(\frac{1065t}{800t})$

$s= (89466mi)In(\frac{1065t}{800t})$

$s = (89466mi)In(1.33)$

s = 25,513.82 mi

s ≅ 25,514 mi

Thus, the range of the aircraft when burning either gaseous or liquid hydrogen at the same mass of hydrogen as JP4 is 25,514 mi

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What phase change is endothermic

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8. Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) cannot be stored in the body, so it must be supplied in the diet. It is a C, H, O compound. If 7.75

spin [16.1K]

Answer:

Molecular formula = C6H8O6

The molar mass of vitamin C = 176.14 g/mol

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of vitamin C = 7.75 grams

Mass of CO2 = 11.62 grams

Mass of H2O = 3.17 grams

Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mol

Molar mass of H2O = 18.02 g/mol

Molar mass C = 12.01 g/mol

Molar mass H = 1.01 g/mol

Molar mass O = 16.0 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate moles CO2

Moles CO2 = 11.62 grams /44.01 g/mol

Moles CO2 = 0.264 moles

Step 3: Calculate moles C

For 1 mol CO2 we have 1 mol C

For 0.264 moles CO2 we have 0.264 moles

Step 4: Calculate mass C

Mass C = 0.264 moles * 12.01 g/mol

Mass C = 3.17 grams

Step 5: Calculate moles H2O

Moles H2O = 3.17 grams / 18.02 g/mol

Moles H2O = 0.176 moles

Step 6: Calculate moles H

For 1 mol H2O we have 2 moles H

For 0.176 moles H2O we have 2*0.176 = 0.352 moles

Step 6: Calculate mass H

Mass H = 0.352 moles * 1.01 g/mol

Mass H = 0.356 grams

Step 7: Calculate mass O

Mass O = 7.75 grams - 3.17 - 0.356

Mass O = 4.224 grams

Step 8: Calculate moles O

Mass O = 4.224 grams / 16.0 g/mol

Mass O = 0.264 moles

Step 9: Calculate mol ratio

We divide by the smallest amount of moles

C: 0.264 moles / 0.264 moles = 1

H: 0.352 moles / 0.264 moles = 1.33

O: 0.264 moles / 0.264 moles = 1

This means for each C atom we have 1.33 H atoms and 1 O atom

OR

For every 3 C atoms we have 4 H atoms and 3 O atoms

The empirical formula is C3H4O3

Step 10: Calculate the molecular formula

The molecular mass of the empirical formula is 88.07

Since the molar mass of vitamin C is between 150 and 200 g/mol

We have to multiply the empirical formula by 2

Molecular formula = 2*(C3H4O3) = C6H8O6

The molar mass of vitamin C = 176.14 g/mol

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A strontium-90 atom that has lost 2 electrons has ________ protons, ________ neutrons, and ________ electrons.

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An atom of strontium-90 contains how many electrons, protons, and neutrons?
38e⁻, 38 protons, and 52 neutrons

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What kind of chemical bond is found between paired bases of the dna double helix?

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Hydrogen. Covalent bonds occur within each linear strand and strongly bond the bases, sugars, and phosphate groups (both within each component and between components). Hydrogen bonds occur between the two strands and involve a base from one strand with a base from the second in complementary pairing.

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