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Nataly_w [17]
3 years ago
7

Formula los siguientes compuesto: Dietil eter, Etanol, Propanotriol, Acido Propanodioico, Pentanal, Pentano-2,4-diona, Metanoato

de metilo, Ciclohexano-1,3-diol, Acido heptanoico, Ciclobutil metil éter, acetato de etilo, 2-metilbenzaldehído, Ciclohexanona, Butanona

Chemistry
1 answer:
viva [34]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Explanation:

En este caso para formular los compuestos, debes identificar el grupo funcional principal de la molecula. Una vez que eso está hecho, puedes intentar formularlo.

Empezaremos primero identificando el grupo funcional principal de la molécula, para luego formularlo correctamente.

Dietil eter: la terminación eter al final significa que pertenece al grupo de los éteres, el cual tiene como formula general R - O - R.

Etanol: debido a que termina en ol, este grupo pertenece a los alcoholes. Para formularlo solo se dibuja la molecula del etano, junto a un enlace con el grupo OH, como su formula general R - OH.

Propanotriol: igualmente termina en ol, por lo tanto es un alcohol, sin embargo, en este caso, tambien tiene la terminación prefija tri, asi que significa que hay 3 grupos OH en la molecula.

Acido propanodioico: esta es sencilla, porque empieza como acido, y solo hay un grupo funcional que empieza así y son los acidos carboxilicos, es decir, el grupo COOH (R - COOH) que es el carboxilo. Tiene el prefijo di, antes del oico, por lo que son dos carboxilos presentes en la molecula.

Pentanal: el sufijo al, significa que pertenece al grupo de los aldehidos, en este caso, posee el grupo carbonilo H - C = O.

Pentano - 2,4 - diona: la terminación ona significa que pertenece al grupo de las cetonas, (R - CO - R), parecido a los aldehidos, con la diferencia de que tiene grupos alquilos en lugar de un hidrogeno.

Metanoato de metilo: la terminación ato de ilo, pertenece a los esteres, (R - COOR) derivado de los acidos carboxilicos.

De aqui en adelante solo mencionaré los grupos funcionales pues ya se explicó el por que, por sus terminaciones:

Ciclohexano - 1.3 - diol: este pertenece a los alcoholes.

Acido heptanoico: acido carboxilico

Ciclobutil metil eter: eteres

Acetato de etilo: ester

2-metilbenzaldehído: aldehído unido a un grupo aromatico como el benceno.

Ciclohexanona: un ciclo (cadena cerrada) unido a un grupo carbonilo.

Butanona: cetona.

Observa la foto adjunta para que veas la formulación de cada una:

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