There are several types of surfactants, to name two: alkylbenzene sulfonates or detergents; and lauryl sulfate or foaming agents.
Alkylbenzene sulfonates are commonly used in the production of detergent soaps, these help clean the dirt from cloths and other materials, it also produces foam.
Lauryl sulfate or foaming agents are commonly used in the production of dishwashing liquid or handwashing soap.
Given:
P1 = 13.0 atm
T1 = 20 °C
T2 = 102 °C
Required:
P2 of oxygen
Solution:
At constant volume,
we can apply Gay-Lussac’s law of pressure and temperature relationship
P1/T1=P2/T2
(13.0 atm) / (20 °C)
= P2 / (102 °C)
P2 = 66.3 atm
The answer is not in the choices given.
The easiest way is to use the Law of Gay-Lussac. This law states that there is a direct relation between the temperature in Kelvin of a gas and the pressure.
Then, namig p the pressure and T the temperature in Kelvin and using subscripts for every state:
p/T is constant ==> p_1 / T_1 = p_2/T_2
From which you obtain:
p_2 = [p_1 / T_1] * T_2
T_1 = 33.0 + 273.15 = 306.15 K
T _2 = 21.4 + 273.15 = 294.55 K
p_1 = 1014 kPa
p_2 = 1014 kPa * 294.55 K / 306.15 K = 975.6 kPa
