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3 years ago

Which equipment would help you separate a liquid mixture by distillation?

1 answer:

7 0

Distillation is a process in many laboratories for the purpose of separating and/or purifying components of a liquid mixture. The distillation apparatus used consists of three major parts: distillation flask - to heat the mixture and volatilize the components, a condenser to cool the vapors back to liquid state, and a collection vessel. The apparatus is typically made of glass and therefore subject to breakage. All components of the distillation apparatus should be protected to a stable stand or rack to avoid it from falling over.

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Evaporation

Explanation:

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4 years ago

Expectant mothers many times see their unborn child for the first time during an ultrasonic examination. In ultrasonic imaging,

Rzqust [24]

A) A. 380 kHz

To clerly see the image of the fetus, the wavelength of the ultrasound must be 1/4 of the size of the fetus, therefore

$\lambda=\frac{1}{4}(1.6 cm)=0.4 cm=0.004 m$

The frequency of a wave is given by

$f=\frac{v}{\lambda}$

where

v is the speed of the wave

$\lambda$ is the wavelength

For the ultrasound wave in this problem, we have

v = 1500 m/s is the wave speed

$\lambda=0.004 m$ is the wavelength

So, the frequency is

$f=\frac{1500 m/s}{0.004 m}=3.75\cdot 10^5 Hz=375 kHz \sim 380 kHz$

B) B. f(c+v)/c−v

The formula for the Doppler effect is:

$f'=\frac{v\pm v_r}{v\pm v_s}f$

where

f' is the apparent frequency

v is the speed of the wave

$v_r$ is the velocity of the receiver (positive if the receiver is moving towards the source, negative if it is moving away from the source)

$v_s$ is the speed of the source (positive if the source is moving away from the receiver, negative if it is moving towards the receiver)

f is the original frequency

In this problem, we have two situations:

- at first, the ultrasound waves reach the blood cells (the receiver) which are moving towards the source with speed

$v_r = +v$ (positive)

- then, the reflected waves is "emitted" by the blood cells (the source) which are moving towards the source with speed

$v_s = -v$

also

v = c = speed of sound in the blood

So the formula becomes

$f'=\frac{c + v}{v - v_s}f$

C. A. The gel has a density similar to that of skin, so very little of the incident ultrasonic wave is lost by reflection

The reflection coefficient is

$R=\frac{(Z_1 -Z_2)^2}{(Z_1+Z_2)^2}$

where Z1 and Z2 are the acoustic impedances of the two mediums, and R represents the fraction of the wave that is reflected back. The acoustic impedance Z is directly proportional to the density of the medium, $\rho$ .

In order for the ultrasound to pass through the skin, Z1 and Z2 must be as close as possible: therefore, a gel with density similar to that of skin is applied, in order to make the two acoustic impedances Z1 and Z2 as close as possible, so that R becomes close to zero.

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3 years ago

If the ac peak voltage across a 100-ohm resistor is 120 V, then the average power dissipated by the resistor is ________

Kazeer [188]

Answer:

The average power dissipated is 72 W.

Explanation:

Given;

peak voltage of the AC circuit, V₀ = 120 V

resistance of the resistor, R = 100 -ohm

The average power dissipated by the resistor is given by;

$P_{avg} = \frac{1}{2} I_oV_o= I_{rms}V_{rms} = \frac{V_{rms}^2}{R}$