Answer:
The solubility of X in water at 17°C is 0.110 g/mL.
Explanation:
The water of a rock pool lined with mineral crystals is a <em>saturated solution</em> of said mineral, this means the concentration of X in those 36 mL is the solubility of compound X in water at 17 °C.
- This means<u> it is possible to calculate said solubility</u>.
The dilution of the sample is not relevant, nor is that 500 mL volume. What's important is that 3.96 g of X form a saturated solution with 36.0 mL of water, so the solubility is:
- 3.96 g / 36.0 mL = 0.110 g/mL
The molecule of sulfur dioxide has two pi and two sigma bonds and one lone pair of electrons.
<h3>What is lone pair?</h3>
- A lone pair, also known as an unshared pair or a non-bonding pair, is an unshared pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent connection in chemistry.
- Atom's outermost electron shell contains lone pairs. The Lewis structure can be used to locate them.
- Due to the high electric charge of a lone pair, which results in strong electron repulsion, the bond angle between the bonding pair of electrons reduces.
- They participate in the creation of a dative relationship as well.
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Not all acid-catalyzed conversions of alcohols to alkyl halides proceed through the formation of carbocations. Primary alcohols and methanol react to form alkyl halides under acidic conditions by an SN2 mechanism.
Not all acid-catalyzed conversions of alcohols to alkyl halides proceed through the formation of carbocations. Primary alcohols and methanol react to form alkyl halides under acidic conditions by an SN2 mechanism.
In these reactions the function of the acid is to produce a protonated alcohol. The halide ion then displaces a molecule of water (a good leaving group) from carbon; this produces an alkyl halide:
Again, acid is required. Although halide ions (particularly iodide and bromide ions) are strong nucleophiles, they are not strong enough to carry out substitution reactions with alcohols themselves. Direct displacement of the hydroxyl group does not occur because the leaving group would have to be a strongly basic hydroxide ion:
We can see now why the reactions of alcohols with hydrogen halides are acid-promoted.
Carbocation rearrangements are extremely common in organic chemistry reactions are are defined as the movement of a carbocation from an unstable state to a more stable state through the use of various structural reorganizational "shifts" within the molecule. Once the carbocation has shifted over to a different carbon, we can say that there is a structural isomer of the initial molecule. However, this phenomenon is not as simple as it sounds.
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