Electrons are transferred sequentially between the two photosystems, with photosystem I acting to generate NADPH and photosystem II acting to generate ATP. The pathway of electron flow starts at photosystem II, which is homologous to the photosynthetic reaction center of R. viridis already described.
A. IMA: 4
The Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) is given by:
where
is the input distance
is the output distance
For the pulley system in this problem, 
and 
, so the IMA is
B. MA: 3.59
The actual mechanical advantage (AMA), or simply the Mechanical Advantage (MA), is given by
where 
is the output force and 
is the input force. For the pulley system in this problem, 
and 
, so the MA is
C. Efficiency: 89.8 %
The efficiency of a machine is equal to the ratio between the MA and the AMA:
Therefore, in this case,
The answer to this question is a) sulfur
professional is the answer
3rd
Answer:
A) F=-20.16×10⁹N
B) if the distance doubles, force is 4 times smaller.
Explanation:
q1=-28C
q2=5mC=0.005C
d=25cm=0.25m
Electrostatic force between charges: F=k×q1×q2/d², where k is a coefficient that has the value k=9 × 10⁹ N⋅m²⋅C^(-2) for air.
Thus:
F=9×10⁹×(-28)×0.005/0.25²
F=-20.16×10⁹N
The minus sign indicates attraction.
If distance doubles, d1=2×d, then we have 4d² at the denominator and the force is 4 times smaller.
