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3 years ago

Which of the following contains most of the water on earth?

Chemistry

2 answers:

lions [1.4K]3 years ago

8 0

The answer is A because most of the earth is made up of oceans.

mrs_skeptik [129]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

Explanation:

most of the world is made of water because the oceans.

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What causes water to become denser when it is carried to the poles by surface currents? increased temperature and increased sali

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Calculate the amount of heat energy in KJ required to convert 45.0 g of ice at -15.5'C to steam at 124.0°C. (Cwater 118 Jig'c, G

dangina [55]

Answer : The enthalpy change or heat required is, 139.28775 KJ

Solution :

The conversions involved in this process are :

$(1):H_2O(s)(-15.5^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(s)(0^oC)\\\\(2):H_2O(s)(0^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(l)(0^oC)\\\\(3):H_2O(l)(0^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(l)(100^oC)\\\\(4):H_2O(l)(100^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(g)(100^oC)\\\\(5):H_2O(g)(100^oC)\rightarrow H_2O(g)(124^oC)$

Now we have to calculate the enthalpy change.

$\Delta H=[m\times c_{p,s}\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})]+n\times \Delta H_{fusion}+[m\times c_{p,l}\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})]+n\times \Delta H_{vap}+[m\times c_{p,g}\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})]$

where,

$\Delta H$ = enthalpy change or heat required = ?

m = mass of water = 45 g

$c_{p,s}$ = specific heat of solid water = $2.09J/g^oC$

$c_{p,l}$ = specific heat of liquid water = $4.18J/g^oC$

$c_{p,g}$ = specific heat of liquid water = $1.84J/g^oC$

n = number of moles of water = $\frac{\text{Mass of water}}{\text{Molar mass of water}}=\frac{45g}{18g/mole}=2.5mole$

$\Delta H_{fusion}$ = enthalpy change for fusion = 6.01 KJ/mole = 6010 J/mole

$\Delta H_{vap}$ = enthalpy change for vaporization = 40.67 KJ/mole = 40670 J/mole

Now put all the given values in the above expression, we get

$\Delta H=[45g\times 4.18J/gK\times (0-(-15.5))^oC]+2.5mole\times 6010J/mole+[45g\times 2.09J/gK\times (100-0)^oC]+2.5mole\times 40670J/mole+[45g\times 1.84J/gK\times (124-100)^oC]$

$\Delta H=139287.75J=139.28775KJ$ (1 KJ = 1000 J)

Therefore, the enthalpy change is, 139.28775 KJ

3 0

3 years ago