Water at 25 °C flows at 5 ft/s through a straight cylindrical tube made of benzoic acid, with a 1-inch inside diameter. If the t
ube is 10 ft long, estimate the mixing-cup average concentration of benzoic acid in the water leaving the tube. The Schmidt number for these conditions is Sc.
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Answer : The value of reaction quotient, Q is 0.0625.
Solution : Given,
Concentration of = 2.00 M
Concentration of = 2.00 M
Concentration of = 1.00 M
Reaction quotient : It is defined as a concentration of a chemical species involved in the chemical reaction.
The balanced equilibrium reaction is,
The expression of reaction quotient for this reaction is,
Now put all the given values in this expression, we get
Therefore, the value of reaction quotient, Q is 0.0625.
Explanation:
Relation between pressure, latent heat of fusion, and change in volume is as follows.
Also,
where, is the difference in specific volumes.
Hence,
As, = 22.0 J/mol K
And, ...... (1)
where, = density of water
= density of ice
M = molar mass of water =
Therefore, using formula in equation (1) we will calculate the volume of fusion as follows.
=
=
Therefore, calculate the required pressure as follows.
=
or, = 145 bar/K
Hence, for change of 1 degree pressure the decrease is 145 bar and for 4.7 degree change dP =
= 681.5 bar
Thus, we can conclude that pressure should be increased by 681.5 bar to cause 4.7 degree change in melting point.