The boiling point of water is 100°C. So at 101°C, the water is steam. Compute the specific heat first from 101 to 100.
E = mCΔT, where c for steam is 1.996 kJ/kg·°C
E₁ = (0.65 kg)(1.996 kJ/kg·°C)(101 - 100°C) = 1.2974 kJ
Next, let's solve the latent heat when steam turns to liquid. The heat of vaporization of water is 2260 kJ/kg.
E₂ = mHvap = (0.65 kg)(2260 kJ/kg) = 1469 kJ
Lastly, let's solve the energy to bring down the temperature to 51°C. The specific heat of liquid water is 4.187 kJ/kg·°C.
E₃ = (0.65 kg)(4.187 kJ/kg·°C)(100 - 51°C) = 139.36 kJ
Thus,
<em>Total energy = 1.2974 kJ+1469 kJ+139.36 kJ = 1,609.66 kJ</em>
politics. Famous possible eg is of Werner Heisenberg in WW2. He delayed German attempt to build a nuclear bomb. US did build one ... hiroshima and nagasaki.
debbie may have got skilfully lucky by trial and error
Answer:
The paper focuses on the biology of stress and resilience and their biomarkers in humans from the system science perspective. A stressor pushes the physiological system away from its baseline state toward a lower utility state. The physiological system may return toward the original state in one attractor basin but may be shifted to a state in another, lower utility attractor basin. While some physiological changes induced by stressors may benefit health, there is often a chronic wear and tear cost due to implementing changes to enable the return of the system to its baseline state and maintain itself in the high utility baseline attractor basin following repeated perturbations. This cost, also called allostatic load, is the utility reduction associated with both a change in state and with alterations in the attractor basin that affect system responses following future perturbations. This added cost can increase the time course of the return to baseline or the likelihood of moving into a different attractor basin following a perturbation. Opposite to this is the system's resilience which influences its ability to return to the high utility attractor basin following a perturbation by increasing the likelihood and/or speed of returning to the baseline state following a stressor. This review paper is a qualitative systematic review; it covers areas most relevant for moving the stress and resilience field forward from a more quantitative and neuroscientific perspective.
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