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Norma-Jean [14]
3 years ago
11

An electrochemical cell has the following standard cell notation: Al(s) | Al3+(aq) || Mg2+(aq) | Mg(s)

Chemistry
1 answer:
Soloha48 [4]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a. Al(s) ⇄ Al⁺³(aq) + 3e⁻ (oxidation)

Mg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ ⇄ Mg(s) (reduction)

b. ΔE° = + 0.715 V

c.  It's an electrolytic cell, because it's a nonspontaneous reaction.

d. 2Al(s) + 3Mg²⁺(aq) ⇄ 2Al⁺³(aq) + 3Mg(s)

Explanation:

a. By the notation given, first is represented the oxidation reaction and then the reduction reaction, so they are:

Al(s) ⇄ Al⁺³(aq) + 3e⁻ (oxidation)

Mg²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ ⇄ Mg(s) (reduction)

b. The standard potential of the cell (ΔE°) is the reduction potential of the oxidation less the reduction potential of the reduction. The reduction potentials are:

Al(s) = -1.66 V

Mg(s) = -2.375 V

ΔE° = -1.66 - (-2.375)

ΔE° = + 0.715 V

c. It's an electrolytic cell.

A galvanic cell is spontaneous, so the cathode (reduction) has a higher E° than the cathode (oxidation). In this case, the oxidation reaction has a higher E°, so the reaction is nonspontaneous and it's necessary an external force to it happen, so it's an electrolytic cell.

d. 2Al(s) + 3Mg²⁺(aq) ⇄ 2Al⁺³(aq) + 3Mg(s)

The number of electrons must be the same, so the oxidation reaction is multiplied by 2, and the reduction reaction by 3.

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This implies that, if element A is in Group 13 and element B is in Group 17, the ions formed are A3+ and B-.

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Answer:

(a) FALSE

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(c) TRUE

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<em><u>Therefore, the statement (A) is</u></em><em><u> false</u></em>

   

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So, more energy is required to remove the valence electron of fluorine as compared to oxygen.

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<em><u>Therefore, the statement (B) is</u></em><em><u> false</u></em>

(c) <u>First ionization energy</u> is energy needed for removal of first electron present in valence shell of a neutral atom. Whereas, <u>second ionization energy</u> is the energy needed for removal of second electron present in valence shell of a monovalent cation

The second ionization energy of an atom is always greater than the first ionization energy. This is because removing<u> an electron from a positively charged species, requires more energy.</u>

<em><u>Therefore, the statement (C) is</u></em><em><u> true</u></em>

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(d) <u>The third ionization energy </u>refers to the energy needed to remove the third electron from a divalent cation.

<em><u>Therefore, the statement (D) is</u></em><em><u> false</u></em>

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Tsunami waves carry more energy compared to just a disturbance resulting from a ripple caused by dropping of a stone.

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