Answer:
1. E x 4πr² = ( Q x r³) / ( R³ x ε₀ )
Explanation:
According to the problem, Q is the charge on the non conducting sphere of radius R. Let ρ be the volume charge density of the non conducting sphere.
As shown in the figure, let r be the radius of the sphere inside the bigger non conducting sphere. Hence, the charge on the sphere of radius r is :
Q₁ = ∫ ρ dV
Here dV is the volume element of sphere of radius r.
Q₁ = ρ x 4π x ∫ r² dr
The limit of integration is from 0 to r as r is less than R.
Q₁ = (4π x ρ x r³ )/3
But volume charge density, ρ = 
So, 
Applying Gauss law of electrostatics ;
∫ E ds = Q₁/ε₀
Here E is electric field inside the sphere and ds is surface element of sphere of radius r.
Substitute the value of Q₁ in the above equation. Hence,
E x 4πr² = ( Q x r³) / ( R³ x ε₀ )
In stars more massive than the sun, the core temperature is hotter, which allows for fusion of more complex elements.
Most of the fusion occurs in the core.
In stars more massive than the sun, fusion continues through Deuterium, Carbon, and finally reaching iron/nickel.
Up to this point, the fusion reaction was endothermic, which means that the energy expended to produce the fusion reaction was exceeded by the energy produced in the reaction.
Fusion past iron is exothermic, and therefore the star will be able to survive by fusing elements heavier than iron.
After the core is almost entirely iron, the star is no longer in the Main Sequence.
So, fusion in stars more massive than the sun continue fusing until the core is almost entirely <em>iron</em>.
Answer:
baking the cake batter
Explanation:
Baking the cake batter will indicate that chemical change has occurred here. What is a chemical change?
- A chemical change is one in which a new kind of matter is formed.
- It is usually accompanied by energy either evolution or absorption of energy in form of heat or light or both.
- The process is irreversible.
- When the batter bakes, a new substance different from the cake mix is obtainable.
- We cannot get back the ingredient from this baked cake. It is impossible.
- This is good indicator of chemical change.
Answer:
The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction
Explanation:
Refraction occurs when a light wave passes through the boundary between two mediums.
When a ray of light is refracted, it changes speed and direction, according to Snell's Law:
where
:
is the index of refraction of the 1st medium
is the index of refraction of the 2nd medium
is the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray and the normal to the boundary)
is the angle of refraction (the angle between the refracted ray and the normal to the boundary)
In this problem, we have a ray of light passing from air into clear plastic. We have:
(index of refraction of air)
approx. (index of refraction in clear plastic)
Snell's Law can be rewritten as
And since 
, we have
And so
Which means that
The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction
1.) appearance
2.)texture
3.)color
4.)melting point
5.)odor
