According to Lawson's criterion, the outcome is determined by the product of ion density and confinement time because the temperature must be maintained for a sufficient confinement time and with a sufficient ion thickness to obtain a net gain of power from a fusion reaction.
<h3>What are
Lawson's criterion?</h3>
- The overall conditions that must be met in order to produce more energy than is required for plasma heating are usually expressed in terms of the product of ion density and confinement time, a condition known as Lawson's criterion.
- In nuclear fusion devices, confinement time is defined as the amount of time the plasma is kept at a temperature above the critical ignition temperature.
- Even at temperatures high enough to overcome the coulomb barrier to nuclear fusion, a critical density of ions must be maintained in order to achieve a net yield of energy from the reaction.
- Because the density required for a net energy yield is correlated with the confinement time for hot plasma, the minimum condition for a productive fusion reaction is typically stated in terms of the product of ion density and confinement time, which is known as Lawson's criterion.
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Answer:
a,b,d and e are correct.
Explanation:
a) Change of temperature without change of velocity is a conclusive evidence of an interaction. As the temperature of a body will only change if heat energy is flows in or out of the body with surrounding. So, option a) is correct.
b) Change of the direction without change of speed is an evidence of an interaction. The direction changes when the object is under a perpendicular acceleration acceleration which clearly means the particle is interacting or external force applied. So, option b is correct.
d) Change of shape or configuration without change of velocity is conclusive evidence of an interaction. The shape can change only if external stress is applied on the particle. So, Option d is correct.
e) Change of identity without change of velocity is a conclusive evidence of an interaction. The identity of an object can only change if it interacts with surroundings. So, option e is correct
Therefore the only incorrect option is c .
Answer:
S = V0 t + 1/2 a t^2
S = 5 m/s * 300 s + 1/2 * 1.2 m/s * (300 s^2)
S = 1500 m + .6 * 90000 m = 55,500 m
Check: V0 = 5 m/s
V2 = V0 + a t = 5 + 1.2 * 300 = 365 m/s
Vav = (V1 + V2) / 2 = (5 + 365) / 2 = 185 m/s (note uniform motion)
S = 185 * 300 = 55,500 m
We calculated V2 above at 365 m/s the speed after 300 sec
M = mass of aluminium = 1.11 kg
= specific heat of aluminium = 900
= initial temperature of aluminium = 78.3 c
m = mass of water = 0.210 kg
= specific heat of water = 4186
= initial temperature of water = 15 c
T = final equilibrium temperature = ?
using conservation of heat
Heat lost by aluminium = heat gained by water
M ( - T) = m (T - )
(1.11) (900) (78.3 - T) = (0.210) (4186) (T - 15)
T = 48.7 c
