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3 years ago

8. In a closed hydraulic brake system, the hydraulic pressure:

Engineering

2 answers:

beks73 [17]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

Option A is correct.

The hydraulic pressure in a closed hydraulic brake system is constant.

Explanation:

The hydraulic brake system works on the principle of pressure transmission. It is termed a closed hydraulic brake system when there is no leakage of fluid all through the setup. The transmission works on the basis of Pascal's law for pressure and it explains that pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted undiminished to every part of the fluid.

The force applied on the brake pedals by the driver at the controlling end of the hydraulic system is transmitted by the pushrod on the piston(s) in the master cylinder.

This causes fluid from the brake fluid reservoir to flow into a pressure chamber. This in turn causes an increase in the pressure of the entire hydraulic system, forcing fluid through the hydraulic lines toward the caliper(s) where it then acts upon the caliper piston(s).

The force applied on the brakes pedal, F₁,

is applied on the cross sectional Area of the master piston, A₁ and this is transmitted in terms of pressure by the fluid (with no loss in pressure, that is, constant pressure, if the hydraulic braking system is especially a closed one) through the callipers to the calliper(s) pistons.

Hope this Helps!!!

DiKsa [7]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

A. Is constant

Explanation:

This is in accordance with pascal's law of pressure that states the hydraulic pressure in a fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid.

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This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

For a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 11.3 h duration at Temperature T1 will raise the carbon concentration to 0.44 wt% at a point 1.8 mm from the surface. A separate experiment is performed at T2 that doubles the diffusion coefficient for carbon in steel.

Estimate the time necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 mm position for an identical steel and at the same carburizing temperature T2.

Answer:

the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

treatment time t₁ = 11.3 hours

Carbon concentration = 0.444 wt%

thickness at surface x₁ = 1.8 mm = 0.0018 m

thickness at identical steel x₂ = 4.9 mm = 0.0049 m

Now, Using Fick's second law inform of diffusion

$x^2$ / Dt = constant

where D is constant

then

$x^2$ / t = constant

$x^2_1$ / t₁ = $x^2_2$ / t₂

$x^2_1$ t₂ = t₁ $x^2_2$

t₂ = t₁ $x^2_2$ / $x^2_1$

t₂ = ( $x^2_2$ / $x^2_1$ )t₁

t₂ = $($ $x_2$ / $x_1$ $)^2$ × t₁

so we substitute

t₂ = $($ 0.0049 / 0.0018 $)^2$ × 11.3 hrs

t₂ = 7.41 × 11.3 hrs

t₂ = 83.733 hrs

Therefore, the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs

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2 years ago

The Stefan-Boltzmann law can be employed to estimate the rate of radiation of energy H from a surface, as in

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Explanation:

H = Aeσ^4

Using the stefan Boltzmann law

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