What equation relates mechanical energy, thermal energy, and total energy when there is friction present in a system?
1 answer:
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Answer:
After 4 s of passing through the intersection, the train travels with 57.6 m/s
Solution:
As per the question:
Suppose the distance to the south of the crossing watching the east bound train be x = 70 m
Also, the east bound travels as a function of time and can be given as:
y(t) = 60t
Now,
To calculate the speed, z(t) of the train as it passes through the intersection:
Since, the road cross at right angles, thus by Pythagoras theorem:
Now, differentiate the above eqn w.r.t 't':
For t = 4 s:
1) Medium "b" has more optical density
2) Light must hit the interface between the two mediums perpendicularly
Explanation:
1)
Refraction occurs when light propagates from a medium into a second medium.
The optical density of a medium is given by its index of refraction, which is defined as:
where
c is the speed of light in a vacuum
v is the speed of light in a medium
Higher index of refraction means higher optical density, and light propagater slower into a medium with higher optical density.
In this problem, light propagates faster through medium "a" than medium "b": this means that medium "a" has lower refractive index of medium "b", and so "b" has more optical density.
2)
We can answer this part by referring to Snell's law, which gives the relationship between the direction of the incident ray and of the refracted ray when light passes through the interface between two media:
where
are the index of refraction of the two mediums
are the angle of incidence and of refraction (the angle that light makes with the normal to the surface in medium 1 and medium 2)
Here we want the direction of propagation of the light ray not to change: this means that it must be
(1)
However, here we have two mediums "a" and "b" with different index of refraction, so
Therefore the only angle that can satisfy eq.(1) is
So, the light must hit the surface perpendicular to the interface between the two mediums.
Learn more about refraction:
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