1. I think is letter b.
2. I thinks it's letter c.
Answer:

Explanation:
The total energy of the satellite when it is still in orbit is given by the formula

where
G is the gravitational constant
m = 525 kg is the mass of the satellite
is the Earth's mass
r is the distance of the satellite from the Earth's center, so it is the sum of the Earth's radius and the altitude of the satellite:

So the initial total energy is

When the satellite hits the ground, it is now on Earth's surface, so

so its gravitational potential energy is

And since it hits the ground with speed

it also has kinetic energy:

So the total energy when the satellite hits the ground is

So the energy transformed into internal energy due to air friction is the difference between the total initial energy and the total final energy of the satellite:

210J
PE is mgh in this context.
Temperature is just a measure of how HOT or COLD a substance is, which can be easily defined by a magnitude using a numerical value say “300 K” or “27°C”. Hence we can say it is a scalar quantity.
But the energy which transfer by virtue of a temperature difference is a vector quantity, as it has both magnitude and direction of motion (from High temperature to low temperature region).
Answer:
35.6 N
Explanation:
We can consider only the forces acting along the horizontal direction to solve the problem.
There are two forces acting along the horizontal direction:
- The horizontal component of the pushing force, which is given by

with 
- The frictional force, whose magnitude is

where
, m=8.2 kg and g=9.8 m/s^2.
The two forces have opposite directions (because the frictional force is always opposite to the motion), and their resultant must be zero, because the suitcase is moving with constant velocity (which means acceleration equals zero, so according to Newton's second law: F=ma, the net force is zero). So we can write:
