When light passes from one medium to another, part of it continues on
into the new medium, while the rest of it bounces away from the boundary,
back into the first medium.
The part of the light that continues on into the new medium is <em>transmitted</em>
light. Its forward progress at any point in its journey is <em>transmission</em>.
Its direction usually changes as it crosses the boundary. The bending is <em>
refraction</em>.
The part of the light that bounces away from the boundary and heads back
into the first medium is <em>reflected</em> light. The process of bouncing is <em>reflection</em>.
Answer:
Minimum time = 1.95x10^-4 s
Number of pulses = 5128.21 pulses/s
Explanation:
We have the speed of sound waves through human tissue with a value of 1540 m/s, to calculate the time it takes for the pulse to travel a distance of 30 cm (since the pulse will first travel a distance of 15 cm and then it will return another 15 cm to be detected by the equipment), therefore, the time between the two pulses will be equal to:
tminimum = 0.30 m/1540 m/s = 1.95x10^-4 s
To calculate the number of pulses, one second must be divided over the minimum time between the two pulses, as follows:
npulses = 1 s/1.95x10^-4 s = 5128.21 pulses/s
The term sol is used by planetary astronomers to refer to the duration of a solar day on Mars.[7] A mean Martian solar day, or "sol", is 24 hours, 39 minutes, and 35.244 seconds.[6]
“Sol” is often used as a direct replacement for “Day” when concerning Mars. Mission duration for Mars missions is measured in Sols, so saying “Today is Sol xyz” would be normal, but I’m not sure if anyone would say “what a wonderful Sol tomorrow is going to be”.
Answer:
water can be used as displacement to calculate the volume of a solid object.
Answer:
Explanation:
Consider two solenoids that are wound on a common cylinder as shown in fig. 1. Let the cylinder have radius 'ρ' and length 'L' .
No. of turns of solenoid 1 = n₁
No. of turns of solenoid 1 = n₂
Assume that length of solenoid is much longer than its radius, so that its field can be determined from Ampère's law throughout its entire length:
We will consider the field that arises from solenoid 1, having n₁ turns per unit length. The magnetic field due to solenoid 1 passes through solenoid 2, which has n₂ turns per unit length.
Any change in magnetic flux from the field generated by solenoid 1 induces an EMF in solenoid 2 through Faraday's law of induction:
Consider B₁(t) magnetic feild generated in solenoid 1 due to current I₁(t)
Using:
--- (2)
Flux generated due to magnetic field B₁
---(3)
area of solenoid = 
substituting (2) in (3)
----(4)
We have to find electromotive force E₂(t) induced across the entirety of solenoid 2 by the change in current in solenoid 1, i.e.
---- (5)
substituting (4) in (5)
