1. Radio Waves
ex. Wi-Fi
2. Microwaves
ex. Mobile Phones
3. Infrared Radiation
ex. Heat Lamps
Answer:
Let's investigate the case where the cable breaks.
Conservation of angular momentum can be used to find the speed.

The projectile embeds itself to the ball, so they can be treated as a combined object. <u>The moment of inertia of the combined object is equal to the sum of the moment of inertia of both objects. </u>

where r is the length of the cable.
<u>After the collision, the ball and the projectile makes a circular motion because of the cable.</u> So, the force (tension) in circular motion is

The relation between linear velocity and the angular velocity is

So,

As can be seen, the maximum velocity for the projectile without breaking the cable is
, where r is the length of the cable.
Such system is called RADAR (<span>RAdio </span>Detection<span> And Ranging).
The Radar emits radio waves, that are reflected back by the object. Since the speed of the radio waves is known (their speed is equal to the speed of light), by measuring the time the waves take to come back to the source it is possible to infer the distance they covered, and so the distance of the object.</span>