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3 years ago

How many molecules of water are released during the polymerization of a 20 monomer-long cellulose molecule?

Chemistry

1 answer:

Alborosie3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

During the polymerization of a 20 monomer-long cellulose molecule, 19 molecules of water are released.

Explanation:

In simple terms, cellulose is the biopolymer formed by many glucose units. This is cellulose is the polymer and glucose is the monomer.

To have a 20 monomer-long cellulose molecule, 20 monomers have been chemically bonded by reacting 19 times, as it is explained in the next paragrpahs, and so 19 molecules of water have been released.

You can imaging the polymerization process as a step-by-step reaction in which the first step is the condensation reaction of one glucose molelecule to produce a 2 monomer-long chain, with the release of one molecule of water: the second step would be the condensation reaction between the 2 monomer-long chain with another glucose molecule, with the release of an additional molecule of water, and so on, until 19 condensation reactions happen, to obtain the 20 monomer-long cellulose molecule.

Condensation is the loss of water in a chemical reaction.

When two glucose molecules react together, condensation occurs. One OH group from each glucose molecule come together, the OH from one glucose molecule combines with the H part of the OH from the other glucose molecule, to form H₂O (water that is released).

The two glucose molecules (monomers) will form one bigger molecule where the two glucose monomers are bonded through the oxygen atom that did not form part of the water molecule released.

Then, a 20-monomer chain means 19 condenstation reactions, with the release of 19 molecules of water.

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1. Consider the following equilibrium system: C(s) + CO2(g) 2CO(g)

ser-zykov [4K]

Answer:

a) equilibrium shifts towards the right

b) equilibrium shifts towards the right

c) equilibrium shifts towards the left

d) has no effect on equilibrium position

e) has no effect on equilibrium position

Explanation:

A reversible reaction may attain equilibrium in a closed system. A chemical system is said to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium when the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of reaction.

According to Le Chateliers principle, when a constraint such as a change in temperature, pressure, volume or concentration is imposed upon a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium position shifts in such a way as to annul the constraint.

When the concentration of reactants is increased, the equilibrium position is shifted towards the right hand side and more products are formed. For an endothermic reaction, the reverse reaction is favoured by a decrease in temperature. Increase in pressure has no effect on the system since there are equal volumes on both sides of the reaction equation. Similarly, the addition of a catalyst has no effect on the equilibrium position since it speeds up both the forward and reverse reactions to the same extent.

3 0

3 years ago

Might be hard to read but i do not understand what the “K” means.

alexdok [17]

it means kinetic energy

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

If 35.4 liters of hydrogen gas are used, how many liters of nitrogen gas will be needed for the above reaction at STP?

CaHeK987 [17]

Answer:

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2 years ago

HELP QUICKK PLEASEEE

bazaltina [42]

Answer:

According to Kinetic Molecular Theory, an increase in temperature will increase the average kinetic energy of the molecules. As the particles move faster, they will likely hit the edge of the container more often. If the reaction is kept at constant pressure, they must stay farther apart, and an increase in volume will compensate for the increase in particle collision with the surface of the container.

Explanation:

7 0

3 years ago

If the same amount of heat is added to 5.00 g samples of each of the metals below, which metal will experience the smallest temp

Y_Kistochka [10]

Answer: -

Lower the specific heat capacity of the metal, more the amount of heat would be required to raise the temperature to the same extent.

So for the same amount of heat added to 5.00 g samples of metals, the metal with the lowest specific heat capacity would experience the smallest temperature change.

For example, if the elements are Al, Au ,Cu and Fe, then Au would experience the smallest temperature change due to least specific heat capacity.

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3 years ago