There are longitudinal and transverse. Both types of mechanical waves require a medium, transport energy, and have defined wavelengths, frequencies, and speeds.
Differences are that transverse waves oscillate along a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel (like shaking a rope up and down). Longitudinal waves like oscillations along a spring and sound waves, oscillate back and forth along the direction of travel.
Answer:
Just above the pole (top-most red circle)
Explanation:
Polaris is used to identify North direction. Since, the Earth rotates on its axis which is along North-south, Polaris never seems to rise and set from the Northern hemisphere. This is because Polaris lies above north pole. Thus, in the given diagram, Polaris is above the North pole on the axis represented by top-most red circle.
That is called constructive interference. If they meet and cancel, it is destructive interference