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Gekata [30.6K]
3 years ago
8

A solution is prepared by dissolving 76.3 g NaI in 545 g of water. Determine the mole fraction of NaI if the final volume of the

solution is 576 mL.
Chemistry
1 answer:
likoan [24]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Mole fraction NaI → 0.016

Explanation:

Mass of solute: 76.3 g (NaI)

Mass of solvent: 545 g (H₂O)

Let's determine the moles of each:

Mol of solute → 76.3 g . 1 mol/ 149.89 g = 0.509 moles

Mol of solvent →  545 g . 1mol/ 18 g = 30.2 moles

To calculate the mole fraction → Moles of solute / Total moles

Total moles = 0.509 + 30.2 → 30.709

Mole fraction NaI = 0.509 / 30.709 = 0.016

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How many grams are in 3.14 moles of PI₃?
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Answer:

\boxed {\boxed {\sf 1290 \ g \ PI_3}}

Explanation:

We want to convert from moles to grams, so we must use the molar mass.

<h3>1. Molar Mass</h3>

The molar mass is the mass of 1 mole of a substance. It is the same as the atomic masses on the Periodic Table, but the units are grams per mole (g/mol) instead of atomic mass units (amu).

We are given the compound PI₃ or phosphorus triiodide. Look up the molar masses of the individual elements.

  • Phosphorus (P): 30.973762 g/mol
  • Iodine (I): 126.9045 g/mol

Note that there is a subscript of 3 after the I in the formula. This means there are 3 moles of iodine in 1 mole of the compound PI₃. We should multiply iodine's molar mass by 3, then add phosphorus's molar mass.

  • I₃: 126.9045 * 3=380.7135 g/mol
  • PI₃: 30.973762 + 380.7135 = 411.687262 g/mol

<h3>2. Convert Moles to Grams</h3>

Use the molar mass as a ratio.

\frac {411.687262 \ g \ PI_3}{ 1 \  mol \ PI_3}

We want to convert 3.14 moles to grams, so we multiply by that value.

3.14 \ mol \ PI_3 *\frac {411.687262 \ g \ PI_3}{ 1 \  mol \ PI_3}

The units of moles of PI₃ cancel.

3.14 *\frac {411.687262 \ g \ PI_3}{ 1 }

1292.698 \ g\ PI_3

<h3>3. Round</h3>

The original measurement of moles has 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the tens place.

  • 1292.698

The 2 in the ones place tells us to leave the 9.

1290 \ g \ PI_3

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