Heya!!
For calculate aceleration, lets applicate second law of Newton:

<u>Δ Being Δ</u>
F = Force = 78,3 N
m = Mass = 24,5 kg
a = Aceleration = ?
⇒ Let's replace according the formula and clear "a":

⇒ Resolving

Result:
The aceleration is <u>3,19 meters per second squared (m/s²)</u>
Good Luck!!
The potential energy is stored in the chemical bonds of the food. When those bonds break up during the metabolic processes, the energy is released. After that, that energy is stored in the Adenosine Triphosphate bonds aka ATP. The simplest way to think is to think of food as the tightly bound atoms. When the chemical bonds between those atoms break, the stored energy in that food is released.
The important point here is that volumetric flow rate in the pump and the pipe is the same.
Q = AV, where Q = Volumetric flow rate, A = Cross sectional area, V = velocity
Q (pump) = (π*15^2)/4*2 = 353.43 cm^3/s
Q (pipe) = (π*(3/10)^2)/4*V = 0.071V
Q (pump) = Q (pipe)
0.071V = 353.43 => V = 5000 cm/s
Therefore, the flow of water in the pipe is 5000 cm/s.
You may jump higher because the more the mass of the planet, the more gravitational force. There is less mass(and gravity) on Callisto so you wouldn’t be weighed down as much and can jump higher. Whereas on Jupiter there is more weight holding you down.
The energy from the sun that reaches the corn is about two billionths.