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saul85 [17]
3 years ago
7

16 grams of ice at –32°C is to be changed to steam at 182°C. The entire process requires _____ cal. Round your answer to the nea

rest whole number. The specific heat of both ice and steam is 0.5 cal/g°C. The specific heat of water is 1.00 cal/gK. The heat of fusion is 80 cal/g and the heat of vaporization is 540 cal/g.
Physics
1 answer:
ICE Princess25 [194]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

12432 cal.

Explanation:

The process to change ice at -32 ºC to steam at 182 ºC can be divided into 5 steps:

1. Heat the ice to 0 ºC, which is the fusion temperature.

2. Melt the ice (obtaining liquid water), which is a process at constant pressure and temperature, so the liquid obtained is also at 0ºC.

3. Heat the liquid water from 0 ºC to 100 ºC, which is the vaporization normal temperature of the water.

4. Vaporization of all the water; this is also a process that occurs at constant pressure and temperature, so the produced steam will be at 100ºC.

5. Heat the steam from 100 ºC to 182 ºC.

Each process has a required energy, and the sum of the energy required for each and all of the steps is the total amount of energy required for the whole process:

E_T=E_1+E_2+E_3+E_4+E_5

E_1 is a heating process for the ice, so we know that the energy required is proportional to the temperature difference through the specific heat:

E_1=m*Cp_{sol}*(T_2-T_1)\\E_1=16g*0.5\frac{cal}{gC}*(0-(-32))=256cal

E_2 is a phase change process, so we do not use the specific heat (sensible heat), but the fusion heat (latent heat), so:

E_{2}=m*dh_{f}={16g*80\frac{cal}{g}}=1280cal

Analogously,

E_3=m*Cp_{liq}*(T_3-T_2)=16g*1.00\frac{cal}{gC}*(100-0)C = 1600 cal

E_{4}=m*{dh_{vap}}\\\\E_4=16g*540\frac{cal}{g} =8640cal

E_{5}=m*Cp_{vap}*(T_{5}-T_{4})\\E_{5}={16g*0.5\frac{cal}{gK}*(182-100)K}=656cal

Finally, the total energy required is:

E_T=256cal+1280cal+1600cal+8640cal+656cal\\E_T=12432cal

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Newtons first law 1 to 5. <br>What is each of the net force for all of the 5 questions? ​
erica [24]

Answer:

1. 65 N.

2. 160 N.

3. 0 N.

4. 210 N.

5. 90 N.

Explanation:

1. Determination of the net force.

Force applied to the right (Fᵣ) = 80 N

Force applied to the left (Fₗ) = 145 N

Net force (Fₙ) =?

Fₙ = Fₗ – Fᵣ

Fₙ = 145 – 80

Fₙ = 65 N

Thus, the net force is 65 N

2. Determination of the net force.

Force 1 applied to the left (F₁) = 35 N

Force 2 applied to the left (F₂) = 125 N

Net force (Fₙ) =?

Fₙ = F₁ + F₂

Fₙ = 35 + 125

Fₙ = 160 N

Thus, the net force is 160 N.

3. Determination of the net force.

Force applied to the right (Fᵣ) = 75 N

Force applied to the left (Fₗ) = 75 N

Net force (Fₙ) =?

Fₙ = Fₗ – Fᵣ

Fₙ = 75 – 75

Fₙ = 0

Thus, the net force is 0 N

4. Determination of the net force.

Force 1 applied to the right (F₁) = 150 N

Force 2 applied to the right (F₂) = 60 N

Net force (Fₙ) =?

Fₙ = F₁ + F₂

Fₙ = 150 + 60

Fₙ = 210 N

Thus, the net force is 210 N.

5. Determination of the net force.

Force applied to the right (Fᵣ) = 115 N

Force applied to the left (Fₗ) = 25 N

Net force (Fₙ) =?

Fₙ = Fᵣ – Fₗ

Fₙ = 115 – 25

Fₙ = 90 N

Thus, the net force is 90 N

8 0
3 years ago
Sphere A of mass 0.600 kg is initially moving to the right at 4.00 m/s. sphere B, of mass 1.80 kg is initially to the right of s
anzhelika [568]

A) The velocity of sphere A after the collision is 1.00 m/s to the right

B) The collision is elastic

C) The velocity of sphere C is 2.68 m/s at a direction of -5.2^{\circ}

D) The impulse exerted on C is 4.29 kg m/s at a direction of -5.2^{\circ}

E) The collision is inelastic

F) The velocity of the center of mass of the system is 4.00 m/s to the right

Explanation:

A)

We can solve this part by using the principle of conservation of momentum. The total momentum of the system must be conserved before and after the collision:

p_i = p_f\\m_A u_A + m_B u_B = m_A v_A + m_B v_B

m_A = 0.600 kg is the mass of sphere A

u_A = 4.00 m/s is the initial velocity of the sphere A (taking the right as positive direction)

v_A is the final velocity of sphere A

m_B = 1.80 kg is the mass of sphere B

u_B = 2.00 m/s is the initial velocity of the sphere B

v_B = 3.00 m/s is the final velocity of the sphere B

Solving for vA:

v_A = \frac{m_A u_A + m_B u_B - m_B v_B}{m_A}=\frac{(0.600)(4.00)+(1.80)(2.00)-(1.80)(3.00)}{0.600}=1.00 m/s

The sign is positive, so the direction is to the right.

B)

To verify if the collision is elastic, we have to check if the total kinetic energy is conserved or not.

Before the collision:

K_i = \frac{1}{2}m_A u_A^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_B u_B^2 =\frac{1}{2}(0.600)(4.00)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(2.00)^2=8.4 J

After the collision:

K_f = \frac{1}{2}m_A v_A^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_B v_B^2 = \frac{1}{2}(0.600)(1.00)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(3.00)^2=8.4 J

The total kinetic energy is conserved: therefore, the collision is elastic.

C)

Now we analyze the collision between sphere B and C. Again, we apply the law of conservation of momentum, but in two dimensions: so, the total momentum must be conserved both on the x- and on the y- direction.

Taking the initial direction of sphere B as positive x-direction, the total momentum before the collision along the x-axis is:

p_x = m_B v_B = (1.80)(3.00)=5.40 kg m/s

While the total momentum along the y-axis is zero:

p_y = 0

We can now write the equations of conservation of momentum along the two directions as follows:

p_x = p'_{Bx} + p'_{Cx}\\0 = p'_{By} + p'_{Cy} (1)

We also know the components of the momentum of B after the collision:

p'_{Bx}=(1.20)(cos 19)=1.13 kg m/s\\p'_{By}=(1.20)(sin 19)=0.39 kg m/s

So substituting into (1), we find the components of the momentum of C after the collision:

p'_{Cx}=p_B - p'_{Bx}=5.40 - 1.13=4.27 kg m/s\\p'_{Cy}=p_C - p'_{Cy}=0-0.39 = -0.39 kg m/s

So the magnitude of the momentum of C is

p'_C = \sqrt{p_{Cx}^2+p_{Cy}^2}=\sqrt{4.27^2+(-0.39)^2}=4.29 kg m/s

Dividing by the mass of C (1.60 kg), we find the magnitude of the velocity:

v_c = \frac{p_C}{m_C}=\frac{4.29}{1.60}=2.68 m/s

And the direction is

\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{p_y}{p_x})=tan^{-1}(\frac{-0.39}{4.27})=-5.2^{\circ}

D)

The impulse imparted by B to C is equal to the change in momentum of C.

The initial momentum of C is zero, since it was at rest:

p_C = 0

While the final momentum is:

p'_C = 4.29 kg m/s

So the magnitude of the impulse exerted on C is

I=p'_C - p_C = 4.29 - 0 = 4.29 kg m/s

And the direction is the angle between the direction of the final momentum and the direction of the initial momentum: since the initial momentum is zero, the angle is simply equal to the angle of the final momentum, therefore -5.2^{\circ}.

E)

To check if the collision is elastic, we have to check if the total kinetic energy is conserved or not.

The total kinetic energy before the collision is just the kinetic energy of B, since C was at rest:

K_i = \frac{1}{2}m_B u_B^2 = \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(3.00)^2=8.1 J

The total kinetic energy after the collision is the sum of the kinetic energies of B and C:

K_f = \frac{1}{2}m_B v_B^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_C v_C^2 = \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(1.20)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.60)(2.68)^2=7.0 J

Since the total kinetic energy is not conserved, the collision is inelastic.

F)

Here we notice that the system is isolated: so there are no external forces acting on the system, and this means the system has no acceleration, according to Newton's second law:

F=Ma

Since F = 0, then a = 0, and so the center of mass of the system moves at constant velocity.

Therefore, the centre of mass after the 2nd collision must be equal to the velocity of the centre of mass before the 1st collision: which is the velocity of the sphere A before the 1st collision (because the other 2 spheres were at rest), so it is simply 4.00 m/s to the right.

Learn more about momentum and collisions:

brainly.com/question/6439920

brainly.com/question/2990238

brainly.com/question/7973509

brainly.com/question/6573742

#LearnwithBrainly

8 0
3 years ago
An ice cream truck is going 25m/s to the East. It accelerates to 45m/s in the same direction over 5s. What is its acceleration?
Naya [18.7K]

Hello!

We can use the kinematic equation:
a = \frac{v_f - v_i}{t}

a = acceleration (m/s²)

vf = final velocity (45 m/s)
vi = initial velocity (25 m/s)

t = time (5 sec)

Plug in the givens:
a = \frac{45-25}{5} = \frac{20}{5} = \boxed{4 m/s^2}

6 0
2 years ago
8) Find the X and Y component of 10degree vector that has 5N.
Deffense [45]

Answer:

Fx  = 4.92 [N]

Fy = 0.868 [N]

Explanation:

Let's take the 10 degrees as a measure from the horizontal component to the vector.

Thus taking the components in the X & y axes respectively:

Fx = 5*cos(10) = 4.92 [N]

Fy = 5*sin(10) = 0.868 [N]

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Which particles in an atom are acted upon by the strong force? A. Electrons and neutrons B. Neutrons and protons O C. Protons an
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\large \sf \pmb{B) \: Neutrons \:  and  \: Protons}

  • <em>Neutrons And Protons</em> is a particles in an atom and are acted upon by the strong force.
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