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3 years ago

The image compares the arrangement of electrons in two different neutral atoms.

Chemistry

1 answer:

jekas [21]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

Option b. Atom P has an estimated Zeff of 7 and is therefore to the right of Atom Q, which has a Zeff of 6.

Explanation:

Please, find attached the figures of both atom Q and atom P corresponding to this question.

The features of atom Q are:

Each black sphere represents an electron

In total this atom has 8 electrons: 2 in the inner shell and 6 in the outermost shell.

Since it is assumed that the atom is neutral, it has 8 protons: one positive charge of a proton balances one negative charge of an electron. Thus, the atomic number of this atom is 8.

Since only two shells are ocuppied, you can assert that the atom belongs to the period 2 (which is confirmed looking into a periodic table with the atomic number 8).

Zeff is the effective nuclear charge of the atom. It accounts for the net positive charge the valence electrons experience. And may, in a very roughly way, be estimated as the number of protons less the number of electrons in the inner shells. Thus, for this atom, an estimated Z eff = 8 - 2 = 6.

The features of atom P are:

Again, each black sphere represents an electron

In total this atom has 9 electrons: 2 in the inner shell and 7 in the outermost shell.

Since it is assumed that the atom is neutral, it has 9 protons.

The atomic number of this atom is 9.

Using the same reasoning used for atom Q, this atom is also in the period 2.

Estimated Z eff = 9 - 2 = 7.

Then, since atom P has a greater Z eff than atom Q (an estimated Zeff of 7 for atom P against an estimated Z eff of 6 for atom Q), and both atoms are in the same period, you can affirm that atom P has a greater atomic number and is therefore to the right of atom Q.

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If 4.9 kg of CO2 are produced during a combustion reaction, how many molecules of CO2 would be produced?

solmaris [256]

Answer:

6.7 x 10²⁶molecules

Explanation:

Given parameters

Mass of CO₂ = 4.9kg = 4900g

Unknown:

Number of molecules = ?

Solution:

To find the number of molecules, we need to find the number of moles first.

Number of moles = $\frac{mass}{molar mass}$

Molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + 2(16) = 44g/mol

Number of moles = $\frac{4900}{44}$ = 111.36mole

A mole of substance is the quantity of substance that contains the avogadro's number of particles.

1 mole = 6.02 x 10²³molecules

111.36 moles = 111.36 x 6.02 x 10²³molecules = 6.7 x 10²⁶molecules

5 0

3 years ago

Gaseous hydrogen and oxygen can be prepared in the laboratory from the decomposition of gaseous water. The equation for the reac

nata0808 [166]

Answer:

$m_{O_2}=87.2gO_2$

Explanation:

Hello.

In this case, given the chemical reaction, we can compute the grams of oxygen by using the 98.2 g of water via the 2:1 mole ratio between them, the molar mass of water that is 18.02 g/mol, the molar mass of gaseous oxygen that is 32.00 g/mol and the following stoichiometric procedure relating the given information:

$m_{O_2}=98.2gH_2O*\frac{1molH_2O}{18.02gH_2O}*\frac{1molO_2}{2molH_2O}*\frac{32.00gO_2}{1molO_2} \\\\m_{O_2}=87.2gO_2$

In which the result is displayed with three significant figures because the given mass of water 98.2 g, has three significant figures too.

Best regards!

6 0

2 years ago

Who was Charles Darwin and what theory is he best known for?

Alona [7]

Answer:

Charles Darwin, in full Charles Robert Darwin, (born February 12, 1809, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England—died April 19, 1882, Downe, Kent), English naturalist whose scientific theory of evolution by natural selection became the foundation of modern evolutionary studies.

Charles Darwin's theory of evolution states that evolution happens by natural selection. Individuals in a species show variation in physical characteristics. ... As a consequence those individuals most suited to their environment survive and, given enough time, the species will gradually evolve.

Explanation:

please mark me brainliest please

8 0

3 years ago

HELP WITH CHEMISTRY PLEASE!

maria [59]

Answer:

1) 1.52 atm.

2) 647.85 K.

3) 20.56 L.

4) 1.513 mole.

5) 254.22 K = -18.77 °C.

Explanation:

In all this points, we should use the law of ideal gas to solve this problem: PV = nRT.
Where, P is the pressure (atm), V is the volume (L), n is the number of moles, R is the general gas constant (0.082 L.atm/mol.K), and T is the temperature (K).

1) In this point; n, R, and T are constants and the variables are P and V.

P and V are inversely proportional to each other that if we have two cases we get: P1V1 = P2V2.

In our problem:

P1 = ??? (is needed to be calculated) and V1 = 45.0 L.

P2 = 5.7 atm and V2 = 12.0 L.

Then, the original pressure (P1) = P2V2 / V1 = (5.7 atm x 12.0 L) / (45.0 L) = 1.52 atm.

2) In this case, n and R are the constants and the variables are P, V, and T.

P and V are inversely proportional to each other and both of them are directly proportional to the temperature of the gas that if we have two cases we get: P1V1T2 = P2V2T1.

In our problem:

P1 = 212.0 kPa, V1 = 32.0 L, and T1 = 20.0 °C = (20 °C + 273) = 293 K.

P2 = 300.0 kPa, V2= 50.0 L, and T2 = ??? (is needed to be calculated)

Then, the temperature in the second case (T2) = P2V2T1 / P1V1 = (300.0 kPa x 50.0 L x 293 K) / (212.0 kPa x 32.0 L) = 647.85 K.

3) In this case, P, n and R are the constants and the variables are V, and T.

V and T are directly proportional to each other that if we have two cases we get: V1T2 = V2T1.

In our problem:

V1 = 25.0 L and T1 = 65.0 °C + 273 = 338 K.

V2 = ??? (is needed to be calculated) and T2 = 5.0 °C + 273 = 278 K.

Herein, there is no necessary to convert T into K.

Then, the volume in the second case (V2) = V1T2 / T1 = (25.0 L x 278 °C) / (338 °C) = 20.56 L.

4) We can get the number of moles that will fill the container from: n = PV/RT.

P = 250.0 kPa, we must convert the unit from kPa to atm; 101.325 kPa = 1.0 atm, then P = (1.0 atm x 250.0 kPa) / (101.325 kPa) = 2.467 atm.

V = 16.0 L.

R = 0.082 L.atm/mol.K.

T = 45 °C + 273 = 318 K.

Now, n = PV/RT = (2.467 atm x 16.0 L) / (0.082 L.atm/mol.K x 318 K) = 1.513 mole.

5) In this case, V, n and R are the constants and the variables are P, and T.

P and T are directly proportional to each other that if we have two cases we get: P1T2 = P2T1.

In our problem:

P1 = 2200.0 mmHg and T1 = ??? (is needed to be calculated) .

P2 = 2700.0 mmHg and T2 = 39.0 °C + 273 = 312.0 K.

Herein, there is no necessary to convert P into atm.

Then, the temperature in the morning (T1) = P1T2 / P2 = (2200.0 mmHg x 312.0 K) / (2700.0 mmHg) = 254.22 K = -18.77 °C.

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3 years ago

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olga_2 [115]

True. Because they are white we know that they reflect light, and thus heat.

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