Question

If the voltage across the first capacitor (the one with capacitance

Answer 1

The answer to this question is: it depends. It depends on the arrangement of the capacitors in a circuit: it can be either in series or in parallel. The difference is shown in the picture. 

Capacitors are like batteries in a way that they store power from the source. It has some rules depending on the type of circuit. For parallel circuits, the voltage across each capacitor is equal. Therefore, V₁=V₂=V₃.

On the other hand, if the capacitors are arranged in series, the voltage across each capacitor should add up to the total voltage of the source. Therefore, V₁+V₂+V₃ = Total Voltage.