Answer: Ionic bonds form only between metals and nonmetals. That's because metals “want” to give up electrons, and nonmetals “want” to gain electrons. It takes energy to remove valence electrons from an atom and form a positive ion. Energy is released when an atom gains valence electrons and forms a negative ion
Answer:
The chemical reaction between the citric acid and sodium bicarbonate
Explanation:
Answer:
The main difference between the two models was about the location of the electron in an atom.
Explanation:
<u>Rutherford described that:</u>
- The electrons were outside of the nucleus.
- They were equal in number to the "positiveness" of the nucleus.
- Also, He randomly placed the negative electrons outside the nucleus.
<u>Bohr improved the Rutherford model:</u>
- Bohr placed the electrons in distinct energy levels.
- Electrons only exist in fixed orbitals (shells) and not anywhere in between.
- Each shell has a fixed energy
- Rutherford explained the nucleus of an atom, while Bohr was more into the electrons and their energy levels.
The measure of the quantity of heat exchanged.
Uses many different units of measurements.
Generally (but far from universally), the elements within a group have similar characteristics. Antimony, nitrogen, and arsenic are all part of the same group as phosphorous (the pnictogens, or group 5A). Oxygen is not in this group, but rather in an adjacent group (the chalcogens, or group 6A). Thus, the answer here should be oxygen.
That said, there can be very significant differences in characteristics among the elements within a group, and that is certainly the case here. For example, free nitrogen exists predominantly as a molecular gas (N₂) and makes up about 78% of the atmosphere we breathe. Elemental arsenic (As), while in the same group as nitrogen, is naturally found in the solid state and is poisonous to humans (arsenic is sometimes included among the toxic heavy metals, although it’s technically a metalloid).