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3 years ago

Define polarization (igcse answer please)

Physics

1 answer:

Dmitrij [34]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

the action of polarizing or state of being or becoming polarized: such as the action or process of affecting radiation and especially light so that the vibrations of the wave assume a definite form. Polarization, in Physics, is defined as a phenomenon caused due to the wave nature of electromagnetic radiation. There are two types of waves, transverse waves, and longitudinal waves.

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A 50-kg copper block initially at 140Â°c is dropped into an insulated tank that contains 90 l of water at 10Â°c. Determine the f

xxMikexx [17]

Answer:

$T_f=24.71$

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Mass of block $m=50$

Temperature of block $T_b =140 \textdegree C$

Volume of water $V= 90L$

Temperature of water $T_w=10 \textdegree C$

Density of water $\rho=1000kg/m^3$

Specific heat of water $C_w=4.18KJ/kg-k$

Specific heat of copper $C_p=0.96KJ/kg-k$

Generally the equation for equilibrium stage is mathematically given by

$mC_p(T_b-T_f)=\rho*VV*c(T_f-T_w)$

$50*0.96(140-T_f)=1000*90*10^-3*c_w(T_f-10)$

$48(140-T_f)=376.2(T_f-10)$

$140-T_f=7.8375(T_f-10)$

$140-T_f=7.8375T_f-78.375$

$-8.8375T_f=-218.375$

$T_f=\frac{-218.375}{-8.8375}$

$T_f=24.71$

6 0

3 years ago

What is the first semiconductor

madam [21]

English "natural philosopher" (the contemporary term for physicist) Michael Faraday is renowned for his discovery of the principles of electro-magnetic induction and electro-magnetic rotation, the interaction between electricity and magnetism that led to the development of the electric motor and generator. The unit of measurement of electrical capacitance - the farad (F) - is named in his honor. Faraday's experimental work in chemistry, which included the discovery of benzene, also led him to the first documented observation of a material that we now call a semiconductor. While investigating the effect of temperature on "sulphurette of silver" (silver sulfide) in 1833 he found that electrical conductivity increased with increasing temperature. This effect, typical of semiconductors, is the opposite of that measured in metals such as copper, where conductivity decreases as temperature is increased. In a chapter entitled "On Conducting Power Generally" in his book Experimental Researches in Electricity Faraday writes "I have lately met with an extraordinary case ... which is in direct contrast with the influence of heat upon metallic bodies ... On applying a lamp ... the conducting power rose rapidly with the heat ... On removing the lamp and allowing the heat to fall, the effects were reversed." We now understand that raising the temperature of most semiconductors increases the density of charge carriers inside them and hence their conductivity. This effect is used to make thermistors - special resistors that exhibit a decrease in electrical resistance (or an increase in conductivity) with an increase in temperature. Next Milestone Contemporary Documents Faraday, M. Experimental Researches in Electricity, Volume 1. (London: Richard and John Edward Taylor, 1839) pp.122-124 (para. 432). Note: This section appears on different pages in later editions of the book. The material in the book is reprinted from articles by Faraday published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of 1831-1838. More Information Hirshfeld, Alan W. The Electric Life of Michael Faraday. Walker & Company (March 7, 2006). Friedel, Robert D. Lines and Waves: Faraday, Maxwell and 150 Years of Electromagnetism. Center for the History of Electrical Engineering, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (1981).

3 0

3 years ago

Platinum has a density of 21.4 g/cm3. if thieves were to steal platinum from a bank using a small truck with a maximum payload o

slega [8]

We will convert the 1dm3 in terms of cm3 as follows:

1dm^3 = (10 cm)^3
= 1000 cm^3

The mass of platinum is equal to 900 lb.
Then we will convert the mass in terms of grams as follows:
1 lb = 453.6 g
900 = 900 x 453.6 g
= 408240 g

Then density of platinum is equal to 21.4 g/cm^3
We will calculate the volume of platinum in mass 408240 g as follows:
Volume of platinum = mass of platinum / density of platinum
= 408240 g / 21.4 g/cm^3
= 19076.6 cm^3

The total volume of platinum is 19076.6 cm^3
The volume of platinum in 1 L bar is 1000cm^3
So, to calculate the number of bars we will use the formula as follows;
Number of bars = volume of platinum available / volume of platinum required in 1 L bar
= 19076.6 cm^3 / 1000 cm^3
= 19
So, the number of bars are 19.

4 0

3 years ago

A block is pulled across a flat surface at a constant speed using a force of 50 newtons at an angle of 60 degrees above the hori

vladimir2022 [97]

The magnitude of the friction force is 25 N

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we just have to analyze the forces acting on the block along the horizontal direction. We have:

The horizontal component of the pulling force, $F cos \theta$ , where F = 50 N is the magnitude and $\theta=60^{\circ}$ is the angle between the direction of the force and the horizontal; this force acts in the forward direction
The force of friction, $F_f$ , acting in the backward direction

According to Newton's second law, the net force acting on the block in the horizontal direction must be equal to the product between the mass of the block and its acceleration:

$\sum F_x = ma_x$

where

m is the mass of the block

$a_x$ is the horizontal acceleration

However, the block is moving at constant speed, so the acceleration is zero:

$a_x = 0$

So the equation becomes

$\sum F_x = 0$ (1)

The net force here is given by

$\sum F_x = F cos \theta - F_f$ (2)

And so, by combining (1) and (2), we find the magnitude of the friction force:

$F cos \theta - F_f = 0\\F_f = F cos \theta = (50)(cos 60^{\circ})=25 N$

Learn more about force of friction:

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4 0

3 years ago

What are the comparisons and contrast of adaptation and natural selection? ASAP!!!!!!

Andre45 [30]

Answer:

Natural selection is a mechanism, or cause, of evolution.

Explanation:

Adaptations are physical or behavioral traits that make an organism better suited to its environment. Heritable variation comes from random mutations.

5 0

3 years ago